金属离子可以是辅助因素的催化中心，也可以帮助形成酶活性所必须的构象。
The metal ion may be the catalytic center of the cofactor, or it may serve to bind the enzyme and substrate together to hold the enzyme in a catalytically active conformation.
在对抗蛀牙的斗争中，研究人员找到了一个新的联盟：一种口腔细菌产生的酶可以防止牙斑的形成。
Researchers have identified a new ally in the war against tooth decay: an enzyme produced by a mouth bacterium that prevents plaque formation.
其它多聚糖则是由磷酸化己糖和核苷酸糖通过酶作用生成的其它糖聚合形成的。
Other polysaccharides are formed from other sugar, which rose by enzymic transformations of phosphorylated hexoes and sugar nucleotides.
酶的催化中心是由一组氨基酸组成，其三维结构形成活性位点，允许它高效地结合或修饰底物。
The catalytic center of an enzyme is composed of a set of amino acids whose three-dimensional arrangement forms the "active-site" that allows them to efficiently bind and modify the substrate.
阻止形成老年斑的一个方法就是阻断其中一种至关重要的酶。
One way to prevent plaques might be to block one of those crucial enzymes.
例如，通过随机折叠，核糖核酸酶(一种小型蛋白质)的氨基酸链能形成超过1040种不同的结构，单这一种蛋白质就需要数亿年的时间来探索。
For example, by random folding, the amino-acid chain of the enzyme ribonuclease, a small protein, could adopt more than 1040 different shapes, which would take billions of years to explore.
因此，确认那些可以消化纤维素的酶的基因，然后修改并重组这些基因形成新的代谢途径，就可以生成一些系统，能够消化整株植物，并将其转化为乙醇。
Identifying the genes for the enzymes that do this, modifying them and assembling them into new pathways would produce systems that could digest the whole plant and turn it into ethanol.
他们的发现解释了染色体末端是怎样得到端粒的保护，而端粒是在端粒酶的作用下形成的。
These discoveries explained how the ends of the chromosomes are protected by the telomeres and that they are built by telomerase.
吃：磷酸镁形成血液蛋白，能维护血液的流动和激活消化酶。
Eat: Magnesium phosphate forms blood albumen and maintains the fluidity of the blood, and activates the digestive enzymes.
而令人印象深刻的主细胞则分泌胃蛋白酶原，当它与胃酸混合时，就形成一种酶，叫做胃蛋白酶。
The impressively named chief cells secrete pepsinogen which, when it mixes with stomach acid, becomes an enzyme called pepsin.
当一种叫淀粉样前体蛋白（APP）的分子被两种酶——分别叫作贝塔-分泌酶和伽玛-分泌酶——切断时就形成了淀粉样斑块。
Amyloid plaques form when a molecule called amyloid precursor protein (APP) is chopped up by two enzymes known as beta-secretase and gamma-secretase.
过大的氧化压力可能使磷酸己糖支路或高铁血红蛋白还原酶途径不堪重负，分别造成海因茨小体性溶血或形成高铁血红蛋白。
Excessive oxidant stress may overload the protective HMP shunt or methemoglobin reductase pathways, causing Heinz body hemolysis or methemoglobin formation, respectively.
这几位获奖者已经证明，染色体解决上述问题的奥妙就在于染色体末端的端粒（telomer）以及形成端粒的酶——端粒酶。
The Nobel Laureates have shown that the solution is to be found in the ends of the chromosomes the telomeres - and in an enzyme that forms them - telomerase.
芥子酶是形成花椰菜防癌成分萝卜硫素所必需的酶，作者之一的Margarita Teran-Garcia解释说。
Myrosinase is the enzyme necessary to form sulforaphane, the vegetable's cancer-preventive component, co-author Margarita Teran-Garcia explained.
在任一点阻断这条通路，或者沉默与炎症小体形成相关的基因或者编码半胱天冬酶- 1的基因，都能导致细胞死亡数目增加。
Interrupting the pathway at any point, either by silencing the genes responsible for the inflammasome formation or the gene for caspase-1, resulted in increased cell death.
色氨酸一种重要的氨基酸，C11 H 12n2o2，在消化过程中，通过蛋白水解作用酶的运动而由蛋白质形成。
An essential amino acid, C11H12N2O2, formed from proteins during the digestive process by the action of proteolytic enzymes.
一项新的研究显示，即使在记忆形成很长时间以后，只要改变大脑中一种酶的活性，就可以来促进或消除这些记忆。
Even long after memories have formed, they can be enhanced or erased by altering the activity of a single brain enzyme, a new study reveals.
基本的单链多肽，通过与酶的活性位点紧密结合形成复合物，抑制大多数的丝氨酸蛋白酶。
Basic single-chain polypeptide that inhibits numerous serine proteases by binding to the active site of the enzyme, forming tight complexes.
漆酶的去甲基化作用可以使木质素降解，也能够参与自然界中花色的形成。
The demethylation of laccase is applied to lignin degradation and formation of color within natural flowers.
端粒酶激活是细胞永生化和肿瘤形成的关键步骤，其活性受到多种因素的调控。
Activation of telomerase is the critical step in cellular immortality and oncogenesis. Its activity is controled by many factors.
总之，这些结果显示癌细胞如何能通过脂肪分解酶转化脂肪形成一系列具有促癌信号的状态。
Together, these findings reveal how cancer cells can co-opt a lipolytic enzyme to translate their lipogenic state into an array of protumorigenic signals.
蛋白酶连接蛋白- 1可能因此对动脉粥样硬化的形成产生影响。
Protease nexin-1 may thus have an impact in the development of atherosclerosis.
故认为端粒酶活化与肿瘤细胞的形成密切相关。
So telomerase activity is correlated with the formation of tumor cells.
基因与蛋白质（酶）之间相互作用形成的遗传回路是序参量以网络形式表现的非线性作用机制。
The genetic circuit formed by the interaction between gene and protein (enzyme) is the nonlinear interaction mechanism shown by the orde.
在氧和其他金属离子特别是铜和铁离子存在时，博来霉素形成拟酶诱导DNA断裂。
In the presence of oxygen and metal ions, notably copper and iron, bleomycins form a pseudo-enzyme that induces DNA cleavage.
基因指导酶和其它蛋白的形成。
基因指导酶和其它蛋白的形成。
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