外壁光滑。 周壁较厚，由周壁形成孢子的表面纹饰。
The exospore is smooth and the surface ornamentation is formed by the perispore.
形成孢子的细菌，让它们能够生存在一个休眠状态，直到接触到的条件，可以支持它们的增长。
The bacteria form spores that allow them to survive in a dormant state until exposed to conditions that can support their growth.
而目前所使用的航天器清洁技术仅能发现耐热的和孢子形成的细菌。
The techniques currently used to clean spacecraft only detect heat-resistant and spore-forming bacteria.
最终，非细胞黏菌也会产生孢子。他们会形成数万条柄，覆盖在顶端的孢子将随风飘散。
Eventually, acellular slime molds also make spores. They produce tens of thousands of stalks, and the spores that cap them blow away in the wind.
他们会形成数万条柄，覆盖在顶端的孢子将随风飘散。
They produce tens of thousands of stalks, and the spores that cap them blow away in the wind.
当小孢子从四分体中释放出来，特殊类型的外壁已经形成。
An extine with its specific pattern had already been formed, when microspores were released from tetrads.
在另一些黑粉病中孢子形成无覆盖的黑色粉末。
In other smuts the spores form an uncovered mass of black powder.
如果这种配子体能够产生可育的配子，那么形成的孢子体通常是四倍体，这样就可以得到大量的多倍体。
If such gametophytes produce fertile gametes, the resulting sporophyte is then tetraploid, and large polyploid series may subsequently be developed.
天竺葵的绒毡层属周原质团绒毡层，其原生质体侵入药室的时间发生在小孢子中大液泡开始形成的时期。
The tapetum of P. hortorum belongs to periplasmodial tapetum. The invasion into the locule occurs when microspore form large vacuole in its cytoplasm.
大量研究表明，无论是有机污染物还是无机污染物，都会对AM的结构、形成和功能产生破坏性影响，主要表现在孢子萌发、侵染率、菌丝伸长受抑制等。
Both organic and inorganic pollutants could have detrimental effects on AM structure, formation and function, such as low spore germination, colonization rate, and hyphal growth.
盘基网柄菌的祖先可能已经进化出了一些能力。他们可以形成“鼻涕虫”，也可以形成柄使孢子离开地面，以便有更好的传播机会。
The ancestors of Dictyostelium may have evolved the ability to form slugs and stalks to get those spores out of the ground, so that they'd have a better chance to spread.
小孢子进一步发育形成正常的花粉粒。
一旦接触土壤表面，这条“鼻涕虫”就会发生另一种变形：大部分细胞变成一个硬柄，其余则的爬到顶端形成一个黏黏的孢子球。
Once it reaches the surface of the soil, the slug undergoes another transformation: Most of the cells turn into a stiff stalk, while the others crawl to the top and form a sticky ball of spores.
小孢子壁形成时开始在绒毡层内切线壁出现的球状体到花粉粒成熟时仍有一部分附着于花粉粒表面。
The ubisch bodies which appeared on the inner tangential wall of the tapetum at the time of microspore wall formation are partially remain on the surface of matured pollen grain.
一种微红色的脓疱状结构，主要形成于受锈菌感染的植物组织上，并产生夏孢子。
A reddish, pustulelike structure that is formed on the tissue of a plant infected by a rust fungus and produces uredospores.
建筑材料表面真菌孢子的释放和气溶胶的形成，是研究室内空气微生物气溶胶暴露及其对人体危害的关键因素。
The release and aerosolization of the fungal spore on the surface of building materials are the key factors to investigate the bioaerosol exposure and harmful effects on human health.
雌配子体的形成可以划分为两个连续的过程，即孢子发生和雌配子体发生。
Female gametophyte formation can be divided into two consecutive processes, namely, the occurrence and female gametophyte spores occurred.
休眠孢子的形成对于赤潮藻种群的保存、延续以及分布扩散等均具有重要的意义。
The formation of resting spores plays an important role in population succession, conservation, distribution and dispersal of red tide-causing alga.
减数分裂后，小孢子开始退化，首先是小孢子壁开始变形，随后原生质浓缩，形成干秕、皱缩的小孢子。
After the meiosis, however, the microspores began to degenerate to become blighted and wrinkled ones, starting from the deforming of their walls and concentration of their protoplasm.
细菌厌氧，革兰氏阳性，孢子形成燃料棒产生强大的。
The bacteria are anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming rods that produce a potent neurotoxin.
担孢子萌发形成的菌丝较为浓密，呈白色短绒状，气生菌丝不明显，生长缓慢。
Mycelia sprouted from single spores were denser, appeared white floss-shaped, had no evident mycelia in the air, the growth was slow.
单瓣紫花木槿的小孢子母细胞经过减数分裂形成四面体状的四分体，成熟花粉是二细胞型花粉，圆球型，表面有刺毛。
The results showed that the type of microsporic tetrads of the simple flower is belong to tetrahedral type and the mature pollen is two-celled with bristles on the surface.
漂浮浒苔的游孢子、配子或配子结合形成的合子均能发育成一株新的藻体。
The spores and gametes could grow to new thalli independently, and the same to motile zygotes.
小麦抽穗前后，子囊壳成熟形成子囊孢子，传播至正在开花的小麦穗部引起侵染。
The conidia which sporulated on wheat head spread to sorghum, maize and rice growing in the field.
结果表明，1晋a不育系雄性败育的主要时期是在造孢细胞增殖——小孢子母细胞形成时期。
The results showed that: (1) the auxocyte abortion of Jin a took place at the stage of sporogenous cell division.
菌丝体上形成典型的瓶体状分生孢子梗。
盘基网柄菌的祖先可能已经进化出了一些能力。他们可以形成U“鼻涕虫”，也可以形成柄使孢子离开地面，以便有更好的传播机会。
Thee ancestors of Dictyostelium may have evolved the ability to form slugs and stalks to getthose spores out of the ground, so that they'd have a better chance to spread.
结果表明：基因型影响着小孢子胚状体的再生苗形成；
The results are as follows: The genotype affect plantlet regeneration of microspore embryoids;
结果：易出多孔组织的菌株瓶栽时子实体形成快，孢子产量高。
Result: Strains, which were easier to produce polyporic tissues at the vegetative growth stage, would be more quickly to form fruiting body with high quality and yie.
大孢子的发育及胚囊的形成：造孢时期，造孢细胞发育成大孢子母细胞。
Development of megaspore and formation of embryo sac: the ovule has a layer of parietal cells at the sporogenous stage.
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