照片的上半部是火成岩，由地球深处涌出地面的岩浆形成。
The horizontal lines across the top half of the image are intrusions of igneous rock, where magma poked up to the surface from deep underground.
但是在水下，火山依旧喷发，滚滚岩浆形成了玄武岩的山脉。
But under the water, volcanoes continued to erupt, sending up magma and forming mountains of basalt.
稀土元素反映岩浆形成主要受部分熔融作用控制。
The REE evidence shows that the magma formation was mainly controlled by partial melting process.
那里是由岩浆形成的，在某些地方是由海洋来支撑的。
Formed from volcanic lava flows which in some places are supported by the ocean.
曾经滚烫的语词，在喷发之后岩浆形成风景，才能被人欣赏。
The words once boiling hot, after eruption, like the scenery formed by the rock-magma, then can be appreciated by people.
曾经滚烫的语词，在喷发之后岩浆形成风景，才能被人欣赏。
The words once boiling hot, after eruption，like the scenery formed by the rock-magma, then can be appreciated by people.
认为火山岩的成分分异受斜长石在岩浆源区熔融残留和岩浆形成后黑云母的结晶分离双重控制。
The chemical variation of the volcanics are controlled by both residual of plagioclase in the melting source area and crystal fractionation of biotite after magma formation.
这说明它们是在地幔柱轴部，由地幔岩和榴辉岩(古玄武质洋壳)组成的源区产生的岩浆形成的。
The evidences indicate that the magmas are formed by melting of pyrolite and eclogite (ancient basaltic oceanic crust) in the axial zone of mantle plume.
在花岗质岩浆形成和演化过程中，由于岩浆挥发组分的活动，使金元素发生活化、迁移和富集而形成金矿床。
In the course of forming and evoluting, the gold ore forms through the activating, migrating and concentrating of gold element caused by the activity of the magmatic evaporating composition.
它们是在岩浆热点上形成的。
在水下，火山依旧持续喷发，向上喷射岩浆并形成了一座座玄武岩山峰。
Under the water, volcanoes continued to erupt, sending up magma and forming mountains of basalt.
当岩浆撞击岩层时，会出现岩屑，形成液态和固态物质的混合物。
As the magma smashes through layers of rock, it rips out debris, creating a mix of liquid and solid material.
当岩浆一次又一次地在同一地点从地下涌出时，就形成了盾状火山。
Shield volcanoes formed when magma comes out of the ground in the same spot over and over again.
他们提出，也许月球甚至从未存在过岩浆海洋或以另一种方式形成的岩石。
Perhaps the moon never even had a magma ocean and the rocks were formed another way, they suggested.
岩浆能喷发出地表，并通过火山峰顶形成熔岩流(大多情况会形成火山口)，但它也能通过火山山体侧面的火山岩圆顶和侧面出口喷发出来。
Magma can erupt to the surface and form lava flows through the volcano's summit (frequently forming a crater), but it can also erupt from lava domes and flank vents along the volcano's sides.
随着时间的过去，岩浆和火山灰分解形成肥沃的、农业生产的理想土壤。
Over time, lava and ash break down to form fertile soils ideal for agriculture.
地壳在这里碰撞挤压，上涌的炙热岩浆变冷，又形成了新的地壳，这种伟大的循环过程就是所谓的板块构造。
Here Earth's crust pulls apart, and upwelling magma cools and forms new crust that spreads away from the ridge in the great recycling process known as plate tectonics.
其因为地下水渗透到硫酸钙中，又被几百万年前渗透到洞穴系统的将近一米深的岩浆温暖所形成的。
They are formed from groundwater saturated in calcium sulphate which, warmed by an intrusion of magma about a mile below, began filtering through the cave system millions of years ago.
彩虹框架了坦桑尼亚伦盖伊火山特殊岩浆的形成。
Rainbows frame a peculiar lava formation at ol Doinyo Lengai, a volcano in Tanzania.
那里有大量的岩石有可能是由从地下冒出的混合着渗透水的岩浆泡形成的。
There were plenty of rocks that were probably made when lava bubbling from under the ground mixed with water percolating through the ground.
火山岩透过地幔中部份熔融的软流层渗入到地壳，岩浆喷发，海山由此形成。
Seamounts form from magmatic eruptions, which occur when lava seeps up to the crust through the partially-melted sub-layer, known as the asthenosphere, in the mantle.
看到这里大量的枕状熔岩，辛顿立刻产生一个假设：也许该区域的海山都形成自同一次火山喷发的多条岩浆流？
There are lots of pillow lavas here too, prompting Sinton to form a hypothesis: perhaps the seamounts in this region formed from the same volcanic eruption, made up of many flows?
然后她通过岩浆饱和度水平的模型观察到了细节：任何不溶于岩浆的水将会形成泡沫。
She then incorporated details about the saturation level of magma into the models and observed that any water that doesn't dissolve in the magma would form bubbles.
这些岩石是在约30亿年前由月球火山喷发的岩浆所形成。
These rocks formed around 3 billion years ago from the magma ejected by lunar volcanoes.
科学家们一直认为英安岩可以从玄武质的岩浆中分离出来形成花岗岩，但他们从没奢望能在可操作的情况下看到这一过程。
Scientists have long believed that dacite can separate from basaltic magma to form granitic rocks. But they'd never.
像宽干谷这样爆裂的火山口形成于蒸汽喷发的过程中，在那里，上升的岩浆与地表下的水接触形成了蒸汽喷发。
Volcanic explosion craters such as Dallol form during phreatic eruptions—where rising magma comes into contact with water beneath the surface of the Earth, causing a steam explosion.
岩浆大量涌现，在一些地方形成了广阔的熔岩海洋。
Magma appeared in abundance and in some locations formed vast molten oceans.
若非如此，月球可能从来都没有出现过岩浆海洋。之前科学家们曾认为，月球形成后不久，其表面处于岩浆的状态。
Or, if not, the moon may never have had the magma ocean that scientists think covered its surface soon after it formed.
若非如此，月球可能从来都没有出现过岩浆海洋。之前科学家们曾认为，月球形成后不久，其表面处于岩浆的状态。
Or, if not, the moon may never have had the magma ocean that scientists think covered its surface soon after it formed.
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