经工作套管放置内镜(它带有手术光源和小摄像机)，允许外科医生通过视频屏幕观察纤维环、椎间盘、硬膜外间隙。
An endoscope (which contains a surgical light and small camera) is placed through the tube, allowing the surgeon to view the annulus, disc, and epidural space on a video monitor.
损伤的进展看似由纤维环最内第一层产生的小裂口开始。
The progressive damage appears to develop with a small cleft inside the first inner layer of the anulus.
典型的退变性椎间盘疾病从椎间盘壁小的撕裂开始。椎间盘壁称为纤维环。
Degenerative disc disease typically begins when small tears appear in the disc wall, called the annulus.
典型的退变性椎间盘疾病从椎间盘壁小的撕裂开始。椎间盘壁称为纤维环。
Degenerative disc disease typically begins when small tears appear in the disc wall, called the annulus.
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