分析并指出了教科书及光学软件中光学系统照度公式的不恰当地方，推导出了更符合实际的光学系统照度公式。
Some improper points of system illuminance formula in the optics textbook and optical software have been found and analyzed, and more practical formula have been deduced.
该系统基于光学系统无接触性测量的基本原理，运用光学测量的理论和一般方法，设计并讨论了在实际运用中存在的问题及解决办法；
It based on the basic principle of un-touched measurement in this optics system, applies general theory and methods of optics, the problems and the solutions for practical application are discussed.
系统经外场实际测试的结果表明，使用了金属反射镜的红外热成像系统达到了光学系统的设计指标。
The environmental and the actual condition tests show that the infrared system with metallic mirrors has met the requirement of optical design.
本文所得主要结果对实际光学系统的设计是有用的。
The main results obtained in this paper would be useful for the design of practical optical systems.
第四，探讨了彩色显微图像输入中光学系统的误差及其消除方法，并结合实际需求，研究了图像中不规则轮廓区域面积的测量方法。
The forth, error analysis and elimination of optical system in color microscopic image input and the methods of area measurement for the irregular region in the digital image are discussed.
棱镜转动定理是我国首先提出的，实际上此定理描述的是物、象空间方向共轭关系，适用于无光焦度光学系统。
The prism turning theorem as first put forward in China describes the directional conjugate relation between the object and the image space, being applicable to afocal systems.
对于实际光学系统，由于光的衍射和像差，使所成的点像为一弥散斑。
However, for the actual optical system, its point image become a speckle because of diffraction of light and aberration.
本文介绍一种新的焦面检测方法，以位置敏感探测器PSD作为检焦器件对光学系统的实际焦面进行检测。
A new technique for measuring the accurate position of the focal plane of an optical system with position sensitive detector (PSD) is presented.
该方法对非制冷红外热像光学系统的设计具有实际意义。
This method has a practicable significance to the un-cooling infrared object lens design.
应用自准反射法测量原理和相应的仪器，重点论述了三种典型的高性能光学系统的装校定心方法、工艺和实际定心结果。
According to application of self-collimation theory and corresponding instruments, the article emphasizes three typical assembly theory and center error results of high performance optical systems.
在先进的火炮动态性能测试系统中，光学系统固有的畸变使得不同视场下的实际焦距不同，间接地影响系统的测角精度。
Distortion of optical system makes focal length of advanced fire control dynamic performance test system different at different FOVs, and influences angle-measuring precision.
已有大量文献对光束的聚焦特性进行了详细的研究，光束聚焦特性的进一步研究对激光束的应用和光学系统的设计有着极大的实际意义。
Recently, a lot of literatures have studied focusing properties of beams particularly. Further studies of beam focusing are of great significance for lasers application and design of optical system.
以61单元自适应光学系统为例，讨论了实际自适应光学系统中控制带宽的优化选择问题。
For an example, the problem of choosing the optimal control bandwidth of the 61 element adaptive optics system is discussed.
在实际工程应用时应根据不同的地面覆盖宽度的需求确定光学系统视场角，然后根据不同的视场角选定能满足这个视场角要求并尺寸最小的光学系统结构形式。
In the practical applications, according to the ground swath width determine the FOV, then choice the optical system configuration which can satisfy the needed FOV and small dimension.
在实际工程应用时应根据不同的地面覆盖宽度的需求确定光学系统视场角，然后根据不同的视场角选定能满足这个视场角要求并尺寸最小的光学系统结构形式。
In the practical applications, according to the ground swath width determine the FOV, then choice the optical system configuration which can satisfy the needed FOV and small dimension.
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