牢牢地关上门窗，防止花粉和孢子的进入。
Keep your Windows and doors tightly closed to help prevent pollen and spores from entering into your home.
在次生造孢细胞、花粉母细胞和小孢子后期都有液泡数量明显增加或体积增大的过程。
At the late stage of the sporogenous cells, mother pollen cells and microspores, the vacuoles remarkably increased in quantity or size.
研究发现，着落在花上的花粉粒数和菌孢子数呈强正相关。
Numbers of pollen grains and spores deposited on flowers were strongly and positively correlated.
而蕨类孢子和裸子植物花粉相比，可能对低熟-未熟油，特别是含非烃较高的低熟油有某种更为密切的联系。
Compared with gymnospermae pollen, the fern spore has a more closer relationship with soluble organism in the low-rank source rocks from the coal-bearing strata.
小孢子四分体为四面体型排列，成熟花粉有2 -细胞和3 -细胞型2种。
The microspores are arranged in a tetrahedral tetrad. The mature pollen grains are of the 2-celled and 3-celled types.
最内层的绒毡层细胞在小孢子时期开始解体，细胞质转变为脂滴，供花粉吸收。
The tapetal cells degenerated at microspore stage and its cytoplasm transform into lipids for the microspore absorbing.
小孢子壁形成时开始在绒毡层内切线壁出现的球状体到花粉粒成熟时仍有一部分附着于花粉粒表面。
The ubisch bodies which appeared on the inner tangential wall of the tapetum at the time of microspore wall formation are partially remain on the surface of matured pollen grain.
过程被称为“孢子”，这不同于花粉的授粉。
The process is called "sporulation," which is different from pollen's pollination.
同一花药不同花粉囊相同一药室，花粉母细胞减数分裂和小孢子的发育，并不是高度同步的。
It is not synchronous highly that the meiosis of pollen mother cells and the development of microspore in the same anther but different pollen sac and in the same anther chamber.
细胞学观察和扫描电镜结果表明，突变体花药发育过程中， 花药中小孢子外壁异常、破裂， 最后没有花粉形成。
The mutant has small siliques with no seed set. Cytological observation showed that during anther development, the microspores ruptured and no pollen grains formed in the mutant anther locules.
最终有92.6%—94.8%的小孢子能发育成形态正常、染色能力强的成熟花粉粒。
Finally, 92.6%-94.8% of microspores could develop into normal and stainable pollen grains.
为使茶花粉孢子内营养物质能够得到充分释放，采用行星球磨机对茶花粉进行了超微化破壁试验研究。
In this study, a Pulverisette planetary ball mill was used for the ultrafine grinding of camellia pollen in attempt to achieve the full release of intracellular nutrients.
单瓣紫花木槿的小孢子母细胞经过减数分裂形成四面体状的四分体，成熟花粉是二细胞型花粉，圆球型，表面有刺毛。
The results showed that the type of microsporic tetrads of the simple flower is belong to tetrahedral type and the mature pollen is two-celled with bristles on the surface.
小孢子发育过程涉及花药发育到花粉粒成熟过程中一系列基因的表达。
The expressions of a series of genes are involved in the anther and pollen development.
绒毡层：维管植物花粉囊内包围孢子母细胞的富含营养物质的一层结构。
Tapetum (pl. tapeta) A food-rich layer surrounding the spore mother cells in the anthers of vascular plants.
此外，有冷杉、云杉、松、铁杉和桦等属乔木花粉和杜鹃科、唇形科、莎草科灌木和草本植物花粉及凤尾蕨、水龙骨、卷柏等属孢子。
Besides, pollen of Abies, Picea, Pinus, Tsuga, Betula, Ericaceae, Labiatae and Cyperaceae and spores of Pteris, Polypodium and Selaginella were also observed.
花药培养的花粉胚植株再生率要明显高于游离小孢子培养。
The efficiency of regeneration of pollen plants with the pollen embryo inducement in pollen culture is higher greatly than that of isolated microspore culture.
小孢子进一步发育形成正常的花粉粒。
绝大部分花粉败育发生在单核小孢子期和二胞花粉晚期。
Most pollen abortion occurred at mononuclear pollen stage and late binuclear pollen stage.
绝大部分花粉败育发生在单核小孢子期和二胞花粉晚期。
Most pollen abortion occurred at mononuclear pollen stage and late binuclear pollen stage.
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