天文学家然后测量这个辉光，用它来纠正望远镜的设置以克服大气对遥远图像所造成的模糊效果。
Astronomers then measure this glow and use it to correct telescope settings to overcome the blurring effect of the atmosphere on far-off images.
尽管这向天文学家证明了金星被一层厚厚的气体所包围，这层气体使太阳光在金星周围发生折射，但这两种效应都使精确的时间控制成为不可能。
While this showed astronomers that Venus was surrounded by a thick layer of gases refracting sunlight around it, both effects made it impossible to obtain accurate timings.
其中 Mamalluca 与科学家所使用的典型天文台很不一样。
One of them, the Mamalluca, is quite different from the typical observatories used by scientists.
接下来有个故事，天文学在故事里所扮演角色的重要性令人吃惊，不过我相信你很快就会明白的。
You will see it in the story that follows, astronomy play quite a significant role that might seem surprising but I am sure you will understand soon.
这本书中的主角名叫帕洛玛尔先生，就像天文学观测所的名字那样，只不过，他探索的只是在他周围、离他最近的事物。
Here the hero is called Mr. Palomar, like the astronomical observatory, but he observes only the nearest things around him.''
这可能并不是许多天文学家所预期的。
但是正如你所看的，天文学家已经有一些很好的尝试和测试宇宙长度的方法。
But as you can see, astronomers have some pretty tried and tested methods for measuring distances in the Universe.
天文学家们已经观测到了数个“爱因斯坦环”。他们来自遥远的星系，被近处的一个大质量物体(通常是另外一个星系)所弯曲，才来到地球。
Astronomers have seen "Einstein rings", formed when light from a distant galaxy is bent by the presence of a nearer massive object, usually another galaxy, that lies directly in its path to Earth.
大多数天文学家认为太阳活动周期会持续，但强度会发生严重的下滑，相比19世纪所看到的那样。
Most astronomers think that the solar cycle will proceed, but at significantly depressed levels of activity similar to those last seen in the 19th century.
早在1929年，宇宙正在膨胀这一现象就已被天文学家哈勃所注意到，这让爱因斯坦不得不修改了他那项关于空间、时间和质量的著名方程式。
The discovery of the expansion of our Universe was already noticed by astronomer Hubble a long time ago in 1929, forcing Einstein to revise his famous equations about space, time and masses.
我们拿星系园做比方，该站点中的每张图像都由30多位志愿者核查，他们所证实的精确度与由一位专业天文学家审核的精确度是一致的。
In the case of Galaxy Zoo, for example, each image was viewed by over 30 volunteers, who proved just as accurate as checking by a professional astronomer.
研究人员发现在北方天穹，精细结构常数在越远的地方就越小，或者说天文学家所看到的过去越久远。
The researchers found that in the northern sky, the fine-structure constant gets smaller with increasing distance, or as astronomers look farther back in time.
这个发现告诉天文学家，这个天体大概是个超新星，从被这个天体吸收的光能读数和急速散去的热量表示她被尘埃所包围着。
This told them it was probably a supernova, and the readings for light energy absorbed by the object and heat dissipated by it strongly implied it was surrounded by dust.
欧洲南方天文台：像科幻电影里的某些场景，激光似乎触发了欧洲南方天文台拍摄在智利所拍摄到的闪电。
ESO Like something out of a sci-fi movie, a laser seems to trigger lightning in this European Southern Observatory photo taken in Chile.
他们说其实这个决定不被特定的天文学家和公众们所支持。
They say this was hugely unpopular with certain astronomers and with the public in general.
天文学家越往宇宙的深处观察，他们所看到的光线到达地球所需的时间就越久。
The farther out astronomers peer into the universe, the longer it has taken the light they see to reach Earth.
这些类星体的河外星系是由当黑洞所发射的电子与大爆炸所遗留下来的宇宙背景辐射碰撞后所形成的，它为天文学家提供了关于早期宇宙的线索。
These quasar jets are formed when electrons emitted from a black hole impact with cosmic background radiation left by the big bang, giving astronomers clues about the conditions in the early universe.
天文学家也一直持相似结论：当太阳燃烧、膨胀以至于它的表面触碰到地球之时，地球将被这个巨大火球所毁灭。
Astronomers have long come to a similar conclusion: that the Earth will be obliterated by a giant fireball as the sun burns up and expands so that its surface touches the planet.
德国海德尔堡市马普学会天文研究所的天文学家莫里西奥·西斯特纳斯说，这项新研究“很精致”。
The new study "is a nice piece of work," says Mauricio Cisternas, an astronomer at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany.
所以天文学家所观测到宇宙中的结构越多，他们就能越好的了解暗能量斥力所触及的范围。
So the more astronomers can measure when and how structures formed in the universe, the better they can understand just how far dark energy's pull reaches.
包含南赤道带的木星云就不见了，天文学家说，云层它们只是被氨冰组成的白云所遮盖，漂浮在高于明显、带状棕色的云层的空间里。
Astronomers say they're simply being obscured by white clouds of ammonia ice, which float at higher altitudes than the belt's prominent brown clouds.
使得这个天体（被称为SN 1979C）如此特别的事实在于多年以来它已经被一系列轨道上的X射线望远镜所观察研究，最近的观测是钱德拉X射线天文台所做的。
What makes this one -- dubbed SN 1979C -- special is that it has been observed over the years with a series of orbiting x-ray telescopes, most lately the Chandra X-Ray Observatory.
以首次发现它的澳大利亚天文学家的名字所命名的麦克诺特彗星C/2009R1，其明亮强度每四年左右出现一次，库克说。
The intensity of brightness seen in Comet McNaught C/2009 R1—named after the Australian astronomer who first spotted it in September 2009—only occurs once every four years or so, Cook said.
2004年欧洲组织驻南半球天文研究所拍摄的这张照片，是目前已知最早的一张外部行星图。 所谓外部行星，意即太阳系外的行星。
This 2004 photograph made by the European Southern Observatory shows the first known photo of an exoplanet, or a planet beyond our solar system.
如果外星球的人工光源比我们所使用的光亮度更大，那么即将应用的新型天文望远镜就能够发现它。
Forthcoming facilities might be able to see artificial lighting on another world if it's really much brighter than we use.
“这个发现非常令人兴奋，”德国海德堡马克斯·普朗克天文研究所的赖纳·克莱门特这样说，他在这项研究中负责选定作为观测对象的星球。
"This discovery is very exciting," said Rainer Klement of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany, who targetted the stars in the study.
不管怎样，海尔波普彗星已为摆脱其邋遢的形象而游走了数十亿公里，这样的壮举比其它任何天文学家所观测过的彗星都要更胜一筹。
Either way, Hale–Bopp managed to travel billions of kilometers before giving up its messy ways, farther than any comet astronomers have ever seen.
美国人每年要用1100亿塑料制品或塑料盖杯，用完丢弃的一次性容器数量被食品包装研究所（FoodPackaging Institute）形容为“天文数字”。
Americans go through 110 billion plastic or plastic-covered cups each year, using and discarding what the Food Packaging Institute describes as "astronomical numbers" of disposable containers.
美国人每年要用1100亿塑料制品或塑料盖杯，用完丢弃的一次性容器数量被食品包装研究所（FoodPackaging Institute）形容为“天文数字”。
Americans go through 110 billion plastic or plastic-covered cups each year, using and discarding what the Food Packaging Institute describes as "astronomical numbers" of disposable containers.
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