波动效应是导致大型软件系统维护费用昂贵的一个重要原因。
Ripple effect is a major factor causing high maintenance cost of large-scale software systems.
假设你负责为你的企业维护一个管理薪水册以及职员功能的大型软件系统。
Suppose you were responsible for maintaining a large software system that managed the payroll and personnel functions for your organization.
这是一个行之有效的原则，一个大型软件系统的最佳结构是一个模块化的。
It is a well-established principle that the best structure for a large software system is a modular one.
随着软件系统规模不断扩大，开发大型软件系统所耗费的时间和成本也成倍增加。
With the software system development scale unceasingly expands, the time and cost of large software system doubled.
福建：当您的建筑师一个大型软件系统，什么是最关键问题3你要照顾第一次通常？
FJ: When you architect a large software system, what are the top 3 key issues you have to take care of first typically?
遗留系统是多年前开发并投入使用、并且至今仍然对企业的业务极其重要的大型软件系统。
Legacy systems are those large systems which developed years ago, but still vital to the organizations.
PD M作为一个大型软件系统，涉及到许多IT技术，必须遵照软件工程的方法来进行开发。
As a large scale software system, PDM related to many it technology, and it must be developed under software engineering technology.
在建立大型软件系统时所遇到的问题并不仅仅是将编写小的计算机程序时所遇到的问题按比例放大。
The problems encountered in building large software systems are not simply scaled-up versions of the problems of writing small computer programs.
举例来说，通过阅读代码来了解大型软件系统的依赖关系几乎是不可能的，观看那些依赖关系的可视化显示会令理解更容易。
For instance, it is almost impossible to understand the dependencies of a large software system by reading the code; seeing a visual display of those dependencies makes the task much easier.
在大型软件系统的开发过程中，感觉到采用试错法是在冒着很大的风险进行开发的。法是在冒着很大的风险进行开发的。
The feeling was that too much was at risk during the development of a large software system to allow for trial-and-error techniques.
在开发期间，有几个来自先前项目的大型软件模块被引入系统中，对于现有代码和新代码而言，一种用来横切关注点的通用方法是必不可少的。
Several large software modules from previous projects were introduced into the system during development, and a common approach to cross cutting concerns was required for both existing and new code.
软件系统规模的与日俱增，使软件开发人员越来越多地面临着将一个大型软件项目的众多因素综合在一起的困难。
With the increasing size of software systems, software developers face the difficulty how to synthesize the various factors of a large-scale software project.
在大型软件运行系统中，存在着很多备份策略，如RAID技术，CLUSTER技术等等。
Introduction: In the running system of some big software, there exist many backup strategies such as RAID technology and CLUSTER technology etc.
该技术已在大型国产GIS软件—灌区地理信息系统中得到实现，解决了大型软件开发及海量数据处理中遇到的集成问题。
The technology has been used in a large scale GIS platform system, and the problem of magnanimity data integration and process has been resolved in large software development.
结合大型集装箱检查系统大型软件的实际集成测试，提出了一种基于接口对象的测试类方法。
This paper presents a new method, developed during the development of the large container inspection system, named test-class method baaed on interface object.
结合大型集装箱检查系统大型软件的实际集成测试，提出了一种基于接口对象的测试类方法。
This paper presents a new method, developed during the development of the large container inspection system, named test-class method baaed on interface object.
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