本文通过作者对桥位测设的实践总结，就桥位测设外业工作的几个问题发表自己的看法。
The paper put in writer's suggestions about field work in survey and design of bridge site through the practice of it.
介绍了原图数字化、航测数字成图、地面数字测图的作业方法，探讨了测绘软件的选择，阐述了数字测图外业工作的实施方法及应注意的事项。
This paper states the software and hardware standard and precautions of digitized mapping from the aspects of digitized map, composing of digitized mapping and mapping software.
IT企业作为21世纪知识经济、高新技术的典型代表，其从业人员工作压力大已成为业内和业外的共识。
As a typical of knowledge-based economy and high-tech in the 21st century, the work pressure of IT companies' employees has become to be consensus in and outside the industry.
为保证数据采集的精度和点云数据三维建模的可靠性，给出了详细的包括外业和内业的工作流程。
To ensure the accuracy of the data capturing and the reliability of the three dimension modeling, the working procedure is given, which includes the field work and Lab.
为保证数据采集的精度和点云数据三维建模的可靠性，给出了详细的包括外业和内业的工作流程。
To ensure the accuracy of the data capturing and the reliability of the three dimension modeling, the working procedure is given, which includes the field work and Lab. analysis.
公路工程横断面测量是外业勘测的主要工作，它的测量效率在很大意义上决定了公路工程测量的效率。
The majority work of surveying is Cross Section surveying, which mostly determines the efficiency of highway engineering surveying.
从工作实际出发，就吉林省第二次土地调查工作底图（DOM）的精度，通过外业实测检测点的方法，对其进行检测。
Proceeding from the reality of work, this paper detected the accuracy of base map(DOM) in the second land survey of Jilin province, using the method of field measured checkpoints.
与传统制图方法相比，它能在保证制图精度的前提下有效减少采样数目，从而大大减少了外业调查的工作量。
As compared with conventional cartography, it enable decrease effectively sampling hits on the basis of assuring map precision, therefore it able to lessen a great deal of outdoor labor.
通过对数字测图外业、内业工作的主要内容与特点的分析，提出了数字测图工作中需注意的几个问题。
Through analyzing the main contents and features of field operation and indoor operation in digital mapping, this paper advances some problems needing attention in digital mapping work.
该流程包括外业全站仪测绘展点，内业用复合线连点，测量面积、绘制地籍表格、线编辑、点编辑、区编辑和保存工程文件等工作环节，并就工作中应注意的相关问题作了说明。
The process include showing the point measured by Total Station, linking the point in interior job, measuring the area, drawing the excel, editing the line , point, area and saving the project file.
分类成果能有效辅助内、外业影像解译，提高影像调绘效率，在全国第二次土地调查工作中具有较高的推广应用价值。
The classification result of the object-oriented method will substantially improve the efficiency and accuracy of both in-door image interpretation and field investigation.
房产测量外业数据采集及面积计算是影响房产测量精度的重要因素，就实际工作中在这两个方面容易出现的问题提出了相应的解决方法。
To the problems that influence the precision in digital house property surveying and mapping data collection and area measurement, the paper offers corresponding methods to resolve them.
文章针对这些错误推导出了相应的改正公式，减轻了外业重测的工作量。
In order to reduce the amount of review work, the paper presents desirable corrective equations.
由于配备IMU/DGPS系统，在一定的基站范围内可以在无控制或少量控制点的情况下进行空三平差，极大地减轻了摄影测量外业控制工作量，缩短了生产周期，提高了作业效率。
With IMU/DGPS system, it can process bundle adjustment successfully with less GCPs or even without GCPs with a GPS base station located in a certain scope.
测绘外业数据采集是测绘项目的前提与基础，也是整个测绘项目中最复杂、工作环境最艰苦的工作。
Mapping field data collection is not only the precondition and foundation of mapping projects, but also the most complex and difficult work in mapping projects.
为了克服对形点的观测困难，该文又提出了形点高的推定式，便于发挥外业调查的工作效率。
They also worked out an upward deduction equation in form point height h-2 to conquer difficulties in surveying form points, and increase the efficiency of fores.
不但可在大、中、小型的实验室使用，还可携带外业现场工作。
The seawater suspended substance filtering device not only can be used in large, medium or small sized laboratories, but also can be carried to perform field operation.
不但可在大、中、小型的实验室使用，还可携带外业现场工作。
The seawater suspended substance filtering device not only can be used in large, medium or small sized laboratories, but also can be carried to perform field operation.
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