法兰特说：“我正在尝试三种育种方法，常规方法、基因修饰和基因编辑。”
"I'm trying three methods of breeding," Farrant says, "conventional, genetic modification and gene editing."
基因和环境以许多复杂的方式相互作用，塑造个体并指导他们的行为，包括他们的好奇。
Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
因为好斗的个体更有可能生存和繁殖，所以任何与好斗行为相关的基因都更有可能遗传给后代。
Because aggressive individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce, whatever genes are linked to aggressive behavior are more likely to be transmitted to subsequent generations.
伯恩斯坦和沙恩说，基因在成长中扮演重要角色，这一点无可否认。
Bernstein and Schein say it's undeniable that genetics plays a major role.
批评者说这项政策与许多健康专家的建议相矛盾，专家们警告说一个人的体重受基因和环境因素的影响。
Critics say the policy contradicts recommendations by many health experts, who warn that a person's weight is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
他们从萤火虫和海洋荧光细菌中提取基因，并对它们进行了修改，可以很容易地添加到其他生物体中，使它们发光。
They took genes from fireflies and bioluminescent marine bacteria and modified them that can be easily added to other organisms to make them glow.
由于害虫有巨大的繁殖潜力和基因多样性，许多害虫被认为能够抵抗合成化学物质，而且生育的后代对杀虫剂具有内在的抵抗力。
Because of their tremendous breeding potential and genetic diversity, many pests are known to withstand synthetic chemicals and bear offspring with a built-in resistance to pesticides.
低水平的游离是至关重要的，因为这个过程提供了一种新基因的来源和一种机制，通过这种机制，如果该地鱼群消失，可以重新繁殖该种群。
Low levels of straying are crucial, since the process provides a source of novel genes and a mechanism by which a location can be repopulated should the fish there disappear.
一群成千上万的白杨实际上可以组成一个单独的有机体，被称为克隆，它们共享一个相互连接的根系和一套独特的基因。
A group of thousands of aspens can actually constitute a single organism, called a clone, that shares an interconnected root system and a unique set of genes.
好奇涵盖了如此多的行为，以至于可能不存在任何一种单一的“好奇心基因”能让人类对自己的环境感到好奇和探索。
Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn't any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment.
这些基因中有许多产生的蛋白质可以改善人体的血糖调节和胰岛素水平，因此它们与改善的代谢健康有关。
Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.
基因是传递生物属性和特征信息的复制因子。
Genes are replicators that pass on information about properties and characteristics of organisms.
每一组都在杂交培养欧洲本地的短粒稻米和携带抗盐基因的亚洲长粒品种。
Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene.
作者认为，情感能量是由遗传和基因决定的。
The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.
这个案件给了法院一个机会来控制专利的使用，以保护基因工程作物和其他的生命形式。
This case gives the court an opportunity to rein in the growing use of patents to protect genetically engineered crops and other life forms.
一些专家认为,除了基因以外,智力也取决于适当的饮食,良好的教育和家庭环境。
Some experts think, apart from genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment.
在过去二十年中，法兰特和其他人发现，有很多基因参与了复苏植物对干旱的应对。
What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness.
他们具有来自父母一方的一个异常基因和来自父母另一方的一个正常基因。
They have one abnormal gene from that parent and one normal gene from the other parent.
基于这种观点，许多欧洲国家正在限制转基因农产品的种植和进口。
Taking that view, many European countries are restricting the cultivation and importation of genetically modified agricultural products.
基于这种观点，许多欧洲国家正在限制转基因农产品的种植和进口。很多争论都取决于人们对安全的看法。
Taking that view, many European countries are restricting the planting and importation of genetically modified agricultural products. Much of the debate hinges on perceptions of safety.
芭芭拉·弗雷德里克森是研究积极情绪重要性的国际领先权威，她说，人类的基因决定了寻求积极情绪，比如爱和快乐。
Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy.
突变是所有基因差异的最终原因,包括人类和香蕉，海星和伞菌之间差异。
Mutations are the ultimate cause of all the genetic differences, including the differences between a human and a banana, between a starfish and a toadstool.
改变社会和全球经济的强大新力量包括网络起源，人类和智能机器的结合，生物起源以及利用基因技术来改善自我。
Powerful new forces altering society and the global economy include cybergenesis, the merging of humans and smart machines, and biogenesis, the harnessing of genetic technologies to improve ourselves.
对世界各地的生物医学研究人员来说，双胞胎提供了一个宝贵的机会，来解开基因和环境——也就是先天和后天的影响之谜。
To biomedical researchers all over the world, twins offer a precious opportunity to untangle the influence of genes and the environment—of nature and nurture.
也许，这些语言是很久以前从同一种源语言发展而来的；也就是说，也许它们在“基因”上是有联系的，这就是梵语、拉丁语和希腊语的情况。
Maybe the languages developed from the same source language long ago, that is, maybe they are genetically related, that was what happened with Sanskrit, Latin and Greek.
他们得出结论：智力在很大程度上和基因有关，而不是和训练或教育有关。
They concluded that intelligence was mostly connected to genes rather than to training or education.
现在，科学家发现基因和环境之间的界限并不那么清晰。
Now scientists are discovering that the boundaries between genes and environment are not so clear.
当婴儿还在母亲体内时，就会通过遗传得到他的血型、基因和其他生理特征。
A baby gets it's blood type, genes, and other physical things when it's still inside its mother.
尽管基因编辑可能有助于预防疾病，但许多人对于将其用于人类是否合乎安全和道德感到疑惑。
Although gene editing may help to prevent disease, many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.
许多科学家曾经认为，同卵双胞胎在外貌上的相似是由基因决定的，而他们之间的性格、智力和其他差异则是受到环境的影响。
Many scientists once believed that physical similarities between identical twins are genetic, while their personalities, intelligence and other differences between them are an effect of their environment.
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