太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热被反射回太空。
When the sun's rays hit the earth, a lot of the heat is reflected back into space.
一年中的6个月里，地球的两极几乎没有任何光线。
For six months of the year, there is hardly any light at the poles.
随着地球围绕太阳的轨道和轴的倾斜将我们带到这个半球，我们更远离直接接收太阳光线的地方。
Earth's orbit around the sun and tilt on its axis combine to carry us in this hemisphere further away from receiving the sun's rays most directly.
一些星系离我们已如此遥远，其远去的速度又是如此之快，以至于它们发出的光线永远也无法到达地球。
Some galaxies are already so far away from us, and moving away so quickly, that their light will never reach Earth.
由于观测距离很远，光线要花很长时间才能到达地球，天文学家才能在现代观察到遥远的过去的景象。
By looking very far away, because the light takes so long on its journey to reach the Earth, astronomers are effectively able to look back in time to this early era.
图片显示了地球以外的景象，这些仪器对长波光线极为敏感，远远超过我们肉眼所见。
It shows what is visible beyond the Earth to instruments that are sensitive to light at very long wavelengths - much longer than what we can sense with our eyes.
研究人员指出：用另外一架望远镜进行的观测表明，目前到达地球上的光线是早在110亿年前离开那些星系的。
Observations with another telescope indicate that the light now reaching Earth left those galaxies as much as 11 billion years ago, the researchers note.
这表明，在光线穿越宇宙向地球进发的旅程中，其波长变长了。
On their journey across the universe, the wavelengths of light have stretched.
他认为，这是我们人类可以解决能源问题的唯一方法—太阳在一小时中通过光线倾泻到地球的能量，可以满足我们这个星球整整一年的能源需求。
That, he figures, is the only way we humans can solve our energy problems; enough energy pours down from the sun in one hour to power the planet's energy needs for a year.
这些折射的光线大多数处于光谱的红光区域，因此，从地球上看来，月球变成了红色、黄铜色或者橙色色调，有时甚至会变成褐色。
Most of this refracted light is in the red part of the spectrum and as a result the moon, seen from Earth, turns a reddish, coppery or orange hue, sometimes even brownish.
同样，OCO也会研究太阳反射光线中的二氧化碳和氧气特征光谱，它将于705公里的上空以99分钟绕地球一圈的速度飞行。
OCO will similarly study carbon dioxide and also oxygen signatures in reflected sunlight. It will fly at an average altitude of 705km and orbit the Earth about every 99 minutes.
天文学家越往宇宙的深处观察，他们所看到的光线到达地球所需的时间就越久。
The farther out astronomers peer into the universe, the longer it has taken the light they see to reach Earth.
专家称，这颗超新星将会为我们提供一场自地球形成以来最大型的“灯光秀”，而且光线将会非常明亮，以至于一到两个星期内黑夜都将变得像白天一样。
The supernova could provide the biggest light show since Earth was formed, and will be so bright that night will become like day for one or two weeks, experts said.
更准确一些的说，地球大气层把蓝色和紫色的波长范围进行散射，所以光线中剩下的波长就显现出了黄色。
Specifically, what is going on here is the Earth's atmosphere scatters light in the blue and violet wavelength range, so the remaining wavelengths of light appear yellow.
光线也在是失去活力，首先，由于地球绕着太阳的轨道，由于地球倾斜的轴线与我们所处的北半球相结合，最直接从太阳所接收到的光线，就愈为遥远。
The light is dying, for one thing, as Earth’s orbit around the sun and tilt on its axis combine to carry us in this hemisphere further away from receiving the sun’s rays most directly.
最好的捷径是寻找宇宙中一天体运行到另一天体与观察者之间，使前者如同经过后者的表面，使我们从地球上观察到的光线变暗。
The best approach is to look for transits, in which an orbiting planet passes in front of its star, dimming the amount of light we detect on Earth.
北极光的出现是，当太阳发射出带电的微粒子飞越地球时所产生的光线。
The ribbons stretch from one end of the Northern Lights appear when the sun sends charged particles flying toward Earth.
为了使这项技术得以实施，通过“波前校正”，入射光线经过地球大气造成的扭曲会被移动。
In order for this technique to work, the distortions imposed on the incoming light during its passage through the Earth's atmosphere must be removed using a trick called "wavefront correction".
太阳发出的光线普照地球，然后以热的形式向太空散回。
It's the sun's light that bathes the Earth and then gets sent back towards space as heat.
斯皮策太空望远镜在沿着轨道旋转时，收集了来自广阔太空的各种光线，这些光线对于肉眼来说是不可见的，但红外设备可以观测到，观测结果形成数据被传回地球。
Spitzer's infrared instruments return reams of data to Earth as the orbiting observatory gathers light from far reaches of the universe, light that is invisible to the naked eye.
另外，当太阳逼近地平线时，地球的大气层会折射太阳光线，这时太阳看起来比其实际高度要高一些。因此，我们所看到的日出要比太阳实际升起的时间早几分钟。
Plus, Earth's atmosphere bends the sunlight when it's close to the horizon, so the golden orb appears a little higher in the sky than it really is.
这意味着HD 209458b所在的太阳的光线必然先穿过行星的大气层然后到达地球。
This means light from HD 209458b's star must pass through the planet's atmosphere before reaching us.
从最近的一颗恒星到地球，它(光线)需要大约4.5年。
我观看太阳系，看见地球与太阳保持一定的距离，得到适当的热能和光线。
I watch the solar system, see the earth and the sun to maintain a certain distance, get the appropriate heat and light.
这次获得的结果大约是以前观察的10倍，而Gebhardt 表示其原因主要是由于望远镜精度的提高补偿了地球大气层对光线的扭曲。
The measurements are about 10 times better than previous observations, largely because of telescope enhancements that compensate for distortions in Earth's atmosphere, Gebhardt added.
他们甚至与中国的一个团队合作，于2016年发射一个卫星，从在地球某一部分的发射器向另外一处远距离的接收装置反射光线。
They are even collaborating with a group in China that will launch a satellite in 2016 which should be able to bounce light waves from a sender on one part of the Earth to distant receiver elsewhere.
我们解释过这是由于红色光谱更容易弯曲，所以当其他光线还没怎么样时，红光首先由于地球的引力而沿着地球的曲线弯曲。
We have explained this being due to light in the red spectrum bending readily, so red light is bent first over the horizon by the gravity of Earth where light in the other spectrums is not so bend.
宇宙飞船中的宇航员，在距地球大气层很远的上方飞行，完全处于黑暗的宇宙中，因为没有尘埃微粒或小水汽滴去反射太阳的光线。
Astronauts in a spaceship, traveling far above the atmosphere of the earth, are in totally dark space because there are no dust particles or droplets of moisture to reflect the rays of the sun.
宇宙飞船中的宇航员，在距地球大气层很远的上方飞行，完全处于黑暗的宇宙中，因为没有尘埃微粒或小水汽滴去反射太阳的光线。
Astronauts in a spaceship, traveling far above the atmosphere of the earth, are in totally dark space because there are no dust particles or droplets of moisture to reflect the rays of the sun.
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