合成基因组相对简单。
在这个背景下，给予细菌的合成基因授予专利是合理的。
In this context patenting an artificial genome for a bacterium seems reasonable.
目的对氨基糖苷类抗生素生物合成基因的研究进展作一综述。
Objective To review the studies on the biosynthesis genes of the aminoglycoside antibiotics.
他位于圣迭戈的合成基因组公司计划将这种新的细菌注册专利。
His company, Synthetic Genomics, based in San Diego, plans to patent the new bug.
本发明公开了一种毛白杨木质素单体合成基因4-CL及应用。
The invention discloses a Chinese white poplar lignin monomer synthesis gene 4-CL and an application thereof.
还提供了含有生物合成基因及其功能性变体的基因的表达载体。
Expression vectors containing genes of the biosynthetic gene and their functional variants are also provided.
文特尔的研究小组使用了合成基因组激活了世界上第一个人造细菌细胞。
Venter’s team uses a synthetic genome to boot up the world’s first man-made bacterial cell.
还介绍了黄酮类化合物与紫杉醇生物合成基因及植物p450基因研究现状。
The current status of researches involving biosynthesis genes of flavonoids compounds and taxol, and the plant P450 genes were introduced.
为了创造一个他所认为的人造生命，他剥离出一个细菌，然后给它注入一组合成基因。
He is stripping out a bacterium, and then refilling it with a synthesised genome to create what he considers to be artificial life.
糖多孢红霉菌的原生质体转化和染色体同源整合，是红霉素生物合成基因改造的重要途径。
Protoplast transformation and homologous chromosomal integration of s erythraea was an important path in changing gene involved in erythromycin biosynthesis.
为了研究黑暗链霉菌安普霉素生物合成基因，首先通过鸟枪克隆的方法克隆其安普霉素抗性基因。
To study the biosynthetics genes of apramycin in Streptomyces tenebrarius, the apramycin resistant gene was isolated by gunshot cloning firstly.
因为合成基因序列的设计是建立在DNA序列数字化的基础上，所以该设计也创建了电脑技术和生命科学的交互区域。
Because it is based on the digitized DNA sequence, the design of synthetic genomes provides a true interface between the computer and biological life.
确认了正确的组合之后，研究人员设计了一种合成基因。它对一种能够促成细胞凋亡(一种受控的细胞死亡)的蛋白质进行编码。
Once they had the right combination, the researchers designed a synthetic gene which codes for a protein that promotes apoptosis, or programmed cell death.
此外，生长素处理去顶植株影响了细胞分裂素合成基因的表达，表明D10通过降低生长素的水平促进细胞分裂素的合成。
Furthermore, effects of auxin treatment of decapitated plants on the expression of cytokinin biosynthetic genes suggest that D10 promotes cytokinin biosynthesis by reducing auxin levels.
文特尔成立了用于商业用途的合成基因组学公司(SGI)，旨在解决全球性问题，如对化石燃料的依赖，环境退化和疾病流行。
Venter starts the for-profit Synthetic Genomics Inc. (SGI) to work on solving global problems, such as fossil-fuel dependence, environmental degradation and disease epidemics.
如果没有合适的藻类物种存在，那么合成基因公司的研究人员将从几种藻类中选取理想的特性，实质上人工创造出一个新品种藻类。
And if no suitable species exists, then Synthetic Genomics's researchers will take the desirable characteristics from several and create what is, in effect, a new one.
例如，克雷格·文特尔(Craig Venter)的合成基因学说，以及其他一些公司正在试图开发把碳、页岩焦油和原油变为甲烷的微生物。
For instance, Craig Venter's Synthetic Genomics and other companies are trying to develop microbes that turn coal, tar shale and oil into methane.
这些酶(在1970年代由史密斯发现，因此赢得了诺贝尔奖)可以潜伏在已经没有DNA的细胞尸体中，在合成基因组起作用前切断它们。
These enzymes (discovered in the 1970s by Dr Smith, in work that won him a Nobel prize) would lurk in the DNA-free cadaver and cut up the synthetic genome before it was able to do its stuff.
当编码蛋白质的基因被激活时，蛋白质合成就开始了。
Protein synthesis begins when the gene encoding a protein is activated.
由于害虫有巨大的繁殖潜力和基因多样性，许多害虫被认为能够抵抗合成化学物质，而且生育的后代对杀虫剂具有内在的抵抗力。
Because of their tremendous breeding potential and genetic diversity, many pests are known to withstand synthetic chemicals and bear offspring with a built-in resistance to pesticides.
但很多人也对基因合成的增殖有所担心。
But there are those that worry about the proliferation of gene synthesis.
当糖皮质激素和海马体中的受体结合时，激活了那些阻止这种激素合成的基因。
When glucocorticoid binds to its receptor in the hippocampus, that activates the expression of genes which dampen further synthesis of the hormone.
虽然如此，它确实具有能合成自己核糖体的基因，随着时间推移它也确实会这样做，稀释掉帮助它启动的那些遗留物质。
It has the genes with which to make its own ribosomes, though, and as time goes by it will do so, diluting out the legacy that got it started.
当他们把从头合成的基因注射到细胞，细胞便产生新的病毒。
When they synthesized the genes from scratch and injected the genetic material into cells, the cells produced new viruses.
为了检测这项新技术。杜克大学的研究人员把位于两个不同层级的蛋白质聚合体的基因进行合成。
To test this improved technique, the Duke University researchers synthesized genes located in two different classes of protein-polymers.
给皮肤上色看起来很简单，但大自然却至少需要25种不同的基因来合成、包装及输送黑色素到人体各处以使皮肤和头发呈现不同颜色。
Coloring the skin may sound simple, but nature requires at least 25 different genes to synthesize, package and distribute the melanin pigment that darkens the skin and hair.
这种分子携带着基因上的指令，告诉细胞合成那类蛋白质。
This molecule carries instructions from the genes telling a cell which proteins to make.
但是科学家们考虑用崭新的基因方法生产合成蛋白质，用以替代消失的自然物种。
But scientists think synthetic proteins produced by the new genes replaced the missing natural versions.
这种基因对合成生物学有几大优势。
Such a genome would have several advantages for synthetic biologists.
这种基因对合成生物学有几大优势。
Such a genome would have several advantages for synthetic biologists.
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