这部分分析了雷海宗的历史观念和史学观念。
This part will analysis the ideas of history and history concept of Lei Haizong.
明末清初的史学思想在史学观念上自主意识增强，产生了针对君主专制的历史批判思潮，理学化史学中的正统论思想遭到动摇；
In the 17th century, historians had their self-consciousness. They critiqued the feudal autocracy and the orthodox thoughts. Orthodoxy had been shaken.
同时，英国教育史学在创建过去和现在的教育史观念连续性体系等方面面临许多问题。
At the same time, British educational historiography is faced with many problems in creating the continuity of the past and present educational ideas.
从史学概念到文学概念的转变，反映了一种“以小说为正史之余”的小说观念。
The transformation from the historical concept to the literary one reflects a novel conception that novel supplements the official history.
福柯的史学方法是以解构历史观念为特征的，然而其“知识考古学”和“谱系学”正体现了怀疑精神和对话语的历史演变的梳理。
Foucault's historical method is deconstruction of ideas in history. His "Archeology of Knowledge" and "Genealogy" just reflect doubting spirit and display the historical evolution of discourse.
因此，博杜安的整体史观念是西方史学迈向近代的关键点。
Therefore, Baudouin deserves an important place in the tradition of the Western historiography.
近代社会文化史正在成为史学新观念和新方法的一个重要生长点。
History of modern societal culture has been becoming a significant growing point of new conceptions and new means of historical research.
王国维是中国近代戏曲史学的开拓者，他的戏曲观念影响很大。
Wang Guowei is the man who has opened up the modern historical science of the Chinese Traditional Opera.
来自西方的文学观念及其理论批评体系，是中国文学批评史学科建立的前提和依据。
The discipline of the history of Chinese literary criticism was based on the Western literary conceptions and their systems of theoretical criticism.
转变历史观念、改变研究方法、探索新的社会效用是当今史学寻求转机的路径。
The way to seek a turn is to change the historical concepts and research methods, and explore its new social utility.
加利福尼亚大学伯克力分校的历史学家大卫·N·凯特利告诉我，甲骨刻辞传达了那么多的等级观念和规矩，这给他的印象尤为深刻。
David N. Keightley, a historian at the University of California, Berkeley, told me that he's particularly struck by how oracle-bone inscriptions convey a sense of hierarchy and order.
加利福尼亚大学伯克力分校的历史学家大卫·N·凯特利告诉我，甲骨刻辞传达了那么多的等级观念和规矩，这给他的印象尤为深刻。
David N. Keightley, a historian at the University of California, Berkeley, told me that he's particularly struck by how oracle-bone inscriptions convey a sense of hierarchy and order.
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