现在这是一个开始下面内容的好地方，因为我们已经很熟悉电离能了，我们从很久以前就一直在讨论，它是从一个原子中，拿走一个电子所需要消耗的最低能量。
Now this is a good place to start, because we are very familiar with ionization energy, we've been talking about it it's that minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
那么，从电离能的角度考虑，大家会把哪个原子放在中间？
So, thinking about ionization energy, which atom would you put in the middle here?
我们应该可以计算出任何一个,我们想要谈论的原子的有效电荷量，只要我们知道电离能是多少。
So we should be able to calculate a z effective for any atom that we want to talk about, as long as we know what that ionization energy is.
但实际上我们也可以讨论氢原子，或者其它任何原子的其它能级的电离能。
But, in fact, we can also talk about the ionization energy of different states of the hydrogen atom or of any atom.
因此，我们把电离能，最低的原子放在中间。
So, we keep the atoms with the lowest ionization energy in the center.
我们讲了电离能的，电子亲和能的，还讲了电负性的，也就是前两个的组合，最后讲了原子半径的。
We talked about ionization energy, electron affinity, we talked about electronegativity, which is just kind of a combination of the first two, and then ended with atomic radius here.
我们之前所学的可以作为第一近似，我们要做的是把电离能，最低的原子放在中间。
What we've learned so far is as a first approximation, what we want to do is put the atom with the lowest ionization energy in the middle here.
电离电势(亦称电离能)：从孤立原子或分子中移去一个电子所需要的能量。
Ionization potential (ionization energy) : Amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule.
那么，大家可以理解，这种技术如何直接给出我们所要研究的，任何一种原子的所有不同的电离能。
So, you can see how this can directly give us different ionization energies for any atom that we're interested in studying.
锂的一级电离能，大约是每原子5。4电子伏。
The first ionization energy of lithium is about 5.4 electron volts per atom.
模型反映了UFP的一些重要特性，例如块体材料逸出功，UFP原子半径和第一电离能，而忽略UFP更精细的结构。
The model reflects the atomic properties, such as bulk work funtion, atomic radius and first ionizing energy value, and ignores the finer UFP structures.
最后利用原子的能级，讨论了氦原子电离能最大的原因。
计算了原子序数13至23的元素高电荷态离子基态电离能，计算结果与文献可提供的实验数据相符合。
The ionization energy of ground state of highly charged ions whose atomic number is between 13and 23 is calculated, and the results is consistent with experimental data of the literature.
计算了原子序数13至23的元素高电荷态离子基态电离能，计算结果与文献可提供的实验数据相符合。
The ionization energy of ground state of highly charged ions whose atomic number is between 13and 23 is calculated, and the results is consistent with experimental data of the literature.
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