单原子的结构是个基本极限：若要做得更小，基本上就得操控原子核了，这可是把一种化学元素转换为另一种。
A structure the size of an atom represents a fundamental limit: to make anything smaller would require manipulating atomic nuclei—essentially, transmuting one chemical element into another.
这让亚利桑那大学的EricaCorral发现碳单原子层是一种理想的陶瓷增强剂。
This led Erica Corral of the University of Arizona to discover that carbon monoatomic layers are ideal for reinforcing ceramics.
石墨烯是一种只有单原子厚度的碳原子平面层——碳原子按蜂窝状晶格排列。
Graphene is a flat sheet of carbon just one atom thick—with the carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice.
这些理论如此成功地解释了元素很广泛的化学性质，以致于，人们逐渐认为：在化学上，“单原子气体电子构型”不可违背。
So successful were these theories in accounting for a wide range of chemical properties of the elements that the monatomic-gas electron configurations came to be thought of as chemically inviolate.
在每个理论中，其它原素原子的化学性质，都与从最近的单原子气体的电子构型得失电子，紧密相连。
In each theory, the chemical properties of atoms of other elements were tied to the gain or loss of electrons from the configuration of the nearest monatomic gas.
这些元素建立了“单原子分子、不反应”的特性。
不过，与这些其他材料所不同的是，传导过程发生在样本中一层单原子层。
However, unlike these other materials, all of the conduction occurs in a single layer of atoms in the sample.
我们已经可以使计算机在单碘分子和由几种原子组成的晶体管上运行，那么为什么不利用微小的DNA链来创建电子部件呢？
We’ve got computers that run on a single iodine molecule and transistors made of just a handful of atoms, so why not create electronic components out of tiny strands of DNA?
碳单原子层的另一个特性是它的强度。
这就形成了一个“波导管”，就像一个单原子厚度的光纤电缆。
This produces a "waveguide," which functions like a one-atom-thick fiber optic cable.
您将在后面的一个示例应用程序中管理一组锦标赛数据，这是一场由16支队伍参加的单场淘汰赛，取自该程序的清单1展示了一个原子值序列的示例。
Listing 1, taken from the upcoming sample application in which you'll manage the data for a 16-team single-elimination tournament, shows an example of a sequence of atomic values.
他们还在波导中嵌入了量子点(一种能释放单光子的微小半导体)作为代理来使原子与光子产生纠缠。
They also embedded quantum dots, tiny semiconductors that can emit a single photon at a time, in the waveguide as a proxy for atoms that could become entangled with the photons.
结果就是形成一种混合物，可以承受多于没有加入碳单原子层的氮化硅一倍的压力。
The result was a composite that was able to withstand twice as much pressure as unalloyed silicon nitride.
但是将石墨单原子层冷却到接近绝对零度时，不可思议的事情发生了：电子的速度得到显著增加。
But cool this graphene down to near absolute zero and something extraordinary happens: the electrons speed up dramatically.
不过它是不是工程师的最后的王牌，就像单原子极限织机（此处有疑问，不知怎么翻译，请指教），还有待考察。
Whether it would be the last one up the engineers’ sleeves, as the single-atom limit looms, remains to be seen.
在先前的研究中得到其原子水平上的结构，精确的结构特性允许他们用激光脉冲瞄准目标分子，并且只持续千万一份之一秒以使分子处以单电子自旋状态。
That precise characterization allowed them to target molecules with laser pulses lasting for one-quadrillionth of a second, or just long enough to set single electrons spinning.
Engheta和Vakil的研究展示了如何运用石墨薄膜(单原子厚度的碳原子点阵)来实现变换光学。
Engheta and Vakil's research shows how transformation optics might now be achieved using graphene, a lattice of carbon a single atom thick.
人们也可以把被碳纳米管捕捉的单电子自旋当成一个人造的原子。”哥本哈根大学研究员，这项研究的参与者，JonasHauptmann说。
One can picture this single electron spin caught on the nanotube as an artificial atom, " says researcher from University of Copenhagen and participant in the study, Jonas Hauptmann.
但是美国化学学会期刊Nano上面刊登的一份文章显示，少量的碳单原子层可以解决这个问题。
But a paper just published in the American Chemical Society's journal, Nano, by Dr Corral and her colleagues, suggests a sprinkling of graphene may deal with that.
你们可能已经注意到了,我们已经花了6周半的时间,来仅仅是讲到单电子问题的情形，我们现在只研究氢原子。
So, you might have noticed that we will have spent about 6 and 1/2 lectures just getting to the point where we have only one electron, so we're only up hydrogen so far.
这让亚利桑那大学的EricaCorral发现碳单原子层是一种理想的陶瓷材料增强剂。
That, suggests Erica Corral of the University of Arizona, makes it ideal for reinforcing ceramics.
本文用紧束缚模型和单电子理论研究吸附原子间的间接相互作用能。
The indirect interaction between adatoms are studied by using tight-binding model and one-electron theory.
复合材料的界面，常常被看成是表面，实际上是许多的组成、结构和特性组分，其厚度从单原子层到数个微米不等。
Interfaces in composites, often considered as surfaces, are in fact zones of compositional, structural, and property gradients, typically varying in width from a single atom layer to micrometers.
随着原子力显微镜的诞生，使高分子单链的界面研究成为可能。
With the emersion of atomic force microscope, the study of single macromolecular chain at interfaces becomes possible.
胞嘧啶：嘧啶族的有机化合物。常被称为基，包含一个单环，内有氮原子和碳原子，还有氨群。
Cytosine organic compound of the pyrimidine family often called a base consisting of a single ring containing both nitrogen and carbon atoms and an amino group.
石墨烯是最薄的电子纳米材料之一，其是由单层蜂窝状结构的单碳原子层组成的。
Graphene is one of the thinnest electronic nanomaterials and consists of a single layer of carbon atoms packed in a honeycomb structure.
自由基发生是当身体细胞中的原子有单电子，能导致包括DNA在内的细胞不同部分的破坏。
Free radicals develop when atoms in the body's cells have unpaired electrons, which can lead to damage to different parts of the cell, including DNA.
一维单原子链晶格振动与均匀杆自由纵振动的运动方程在数学上存在内在的联系。
The equation of lattice vibration of one-dimensional monatomic lattice and the equation of longitudinal vibration of a uniform bar are discussed.
指出一维单原子链的格波解是由于采用了循环边界条件的结果。
The lattice wave solution of single atomic chain only results from the cyclic boundary condition.
指出一维单原子链的格波解是由于采用了循环边界条件的结果。
The lattice wave solution of single atomic chain only results from the cyclic boundary condition.
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