这些思想家在为知识产权做辩护时，主要运用了公正原则、功利原则和人道原则。
In doing so, these thinkers appeal mainly to the principles of justice, of utility and of humanism.
黑尔的偏好功利主义包含实质性的功利原则和形式化的可普遍化原则两方面内容。
Hare' preference-utilitarianism contains the substantial principle of utility and the formal principle of universalizability.
但是，密尔在具体的论证过程中并没有保持逻辑的一致性，其“伤害原则”与“功利原则”的冲突贯穿于他的自由理论的始终。
But Mill failed to remain in its logical consistency. And the conflict between "harm principle" and "utility principle" runs through from beginning to end of his theory of freedom.
“失控电车困境”是公认的经典方法，用来判断一个人是否乐意根据功利主义原则做决定。
One of the classic techniques used to measure a person’s willingness to behave in a utilitarian way is known as trolleyology.
同理，希波克拉底箴言“竭尽全力帮助，但最重要的是不能伤害”比功利主义原则“一人只算一份，没人可算两份”在范围上狭隘得多。
Likewise, the scope of the Hippocratic maxim, "Strive to help but above all, do no harm" is far narrower than the Utilitarian principle, "Everyone counts for one and no more than one."
我觉得也不行，因为有一条特殊的公正原则，叫做“同情心”，与功利主义无法兼容。
I think not, because there is a special principle of justice which emerges as compassion and which utilitarianism cannot make room for.
穆勒以个人权利的实现和保障作为正义的第一要义，把“功利优先”作为统摄正义的第一原则。
Mill takes the achievement and guarantee of individual rights as the first be-all and end-all and treats' priority of utility 'as the first principle of justice.
在哲学中，他攻击结果主义，即对一个行为来说最重要的是看它的结果，这往往与功利主义的“最大幸福”原则一致。
In philosophy he attacks consequentialism, the view that what matters about an action is its consequences, which is usually coupled with utilitarianism's "greatest happiness" principle.
我并不认为，伊壁鸠鲁主义者从功利主义原则得到其结论构架的做法是无懈可击的。
I do not, indeed, consider the Epicureans to have been by any means faultless in drawing out their scheme of consequences from the utilitarian principle.
普列汉诺夫文艺思想的一个重要支点是强调文艺的阶级性与社会功利性的本质，将文艺的阶级性原则运用于文艺批评。
Plekhanov had put forward the essence of literary class nature and social utility nature, applying the principle of literary class nature to literary criticism.
传统谁更喜欢后者的结果往往尝试用呼吁的边际效用递减原则的平均主义分配的商品享乐功利主义者。
Traditional hedonistic utilitarians who prefer the latter outcome often try to justify egalitarian distributions of goods by appealing to a principle of diminishing marginal utility.
第二部分重点论述罗尔斯对功利主义的批判，以及对正义原则的解释和替代功利主义的可能性。
In the second part, I will emphatically discuss the criticism of Rawls to utilitarianism, and introduce the justice principle, discuss why the justice principle could take place the utilitarianism.
其次，罗尔斯的社会最低保障是一种制度，而功利主义的社会最低保障是一种原则；
Secondly, John Rawls' social minimum is a kind of institution, and the social minimum of utilitarianism is a kind of principle;
其次，罗尔斯的社会最低保障是一种制度，而功利主义的社会最低保障是一种原则；
Secondly, John Rawls' social minimum is a kind of institution, and the social minimum of utilitarianism is a kind of principle;
应用推荐