这些收入数据不是按照市场汇率计算出的，而是根据购买力平价(PPPs)系数计算得出，考虑了日本较高生活成本的因素。

These incomes are converted not at market exchange rates, but at purchasing-power parities (PPPs), which take account of the higher cost of living in Japan.

youdao

这些收入数据不是按照市场汇率计算出的，而是根据购买力平价(PPPs)系数计算得出，考虑了日本较高生活成本的因素。

These incomes are converted not at market exchange rates, but at purchasing-power parities (PPPs), which take account of the higher cost of living in Japan.

youdao