初期支护技术、量测技术的应用；
The application of supporting technology in early period and surveying technology.
因此，矿山开挖后，初期支护显得尤为关键。
Therefore, the support in the early period after the mine was excavated became especially crucial.
深埋隧道软弱围岩与初期支护的相互作用是地下工程研究的重要课题之一。
The interaction between soft-weak Surrounding Rock and initial support of deep buried tunnels has become one of the most important subjects in underground engineering research.
大拱隧道受结构和跨度的影响，其初期支护与二次衬砌各自承受不同的围岩压力。
The primary support and the second lining of large-spanned tunnel have endured different surrounding rock stress because of the influence of structure and span of tunnel.
介绍了该断面初期支护参数、由区间标准断面转换到三连拱隧道的工法及工程效果。
Primary supporting parameters, construction method transformation from the normal route tunnel to the three-connected-arch tunnel, and engineering practice effects are introduced respectively.
阐述了隧道支护系统极限位移的意义，系统地介绍了初期支护极限位移的确定方法。
Concept of limit displacements of primary support system of railway tunnel are presented, and the method for determining the limit displacements is introduced systematically.
本实用新型属于铁路隧道初期支护结构领域，涉及大变形地层隧道初 期支护结构。
The utility model relates to a large-deformation layer tunnel primary support structure, belonging to the railway tunnel primary support structure technical field.
通过凉风垭隧道初期支护大变形的原因分析，阐述了隧道初期支护大变形的整治措施。
Analyzing reasons of large deformation of early supports of Liangfengya tunnel, the author states treatment measures of large deformation of early supports of the tunnel.
大跨连拱隧道受结构和跨度的影响，其初期支护与二次衬砌各自承受不同的围岩压力。
As the large spanned arch tunnel is influenced by the structure and span, the loads on initial support and secondary lining are different.
在本次试验研究成果的基础之上，提出了几条降低爆破振动对初期支护影响的具体措施。
Based on the research result of this test, we pointed out some specific measures, which reduced the impacts of blasting vibration velocity on the primary support.
然后用改进后的断裂力学设计方法对钢纤维混凝土作为初期支护的承载能力进行了结构计算。
For the load-baring capacity of the initial lining using steel fiber reinforced concrete, a modified fracture mechanics method is used in this paper to achieve the design purpose.
根据实际开挖所揭露的岩溶状况，需要调整超前支护和初期支护参数，以保证锚洞施工安全。
In accordance with the actual karst excavation, advanced and initial supporting parameters should be adjusted for construction safety of the anchor tunnel.
隧道衬砌在浅埋段的结构荷载计算表明，复合式衬砌中的初期支护和二次衬砌一般要共同承担荷载。
The calculation of structural load on the lining of tunnel with shallow overburden shows that the load on composite lining will be shared by primary support and secondary lining.
乌鞘岭隧道岭脊段志留系地层千枚岩夹板岩地段，施工中发生大变形，初期支护开裂破坏甚至侵限。
Severe deformation occurred at the siluric stratum at the ridge of Wushaoling Tunnel, causing splitting of primary lining and even exceeding clearance limit.
秦岭隧道采用了湿式喷混凝土（包括湿喷钢纤维混凝土和湿喷素混凝土）进行初期支护和永永支护，取得了良好的效果。
Wet shotcrete, including wet steel fiber shotcrete and wet plain shotcrete, has been adopted for the temporary and permanent lining of Qinling Railway Tunnel and good results have been obtained.
内外边界元方法和开巷初期临时支护压力预测等新方法。
It discusses new methods including in out boundary element method and forecast of temporary supporting pressure during the initial stage of excavation.
临时支护必须在留巷初期对巷道顶板提供足够的支撑阻力。
The temporary support should provide sufficient support resistances to the gateway roof at the initial period of the goad side gateway remained.
钢筋骨架网衬砌模注砼及初期锚喷砼支护，采用水泥裹砂半湿式喷砼法；
The re bar net preliminary lining mould shotcrete and preliminary and anchor shotcrete are used for support by the use of the semi wet spraying method with sand entrapped in cement.
钢筋骨架网衬砌模注砼及初期锚喷砼支护，采用水泥裹砂半湿式喷砼法；
The re bar net preliminary lining mould shotcrete and preliminary and anchor shotcrete are used for support by the use of the semi wet spraying method with sand entrapped in cement.
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