如果罚问题的极小点是原约束规划问题的极小点，则称此罚问题中的罚函数为精确罚函数。
If each minimum of the penalty problem is a minimum of the primal constrained programming problem, then the corresponding penalty function is called exact penalty function.
粒子群优化算法应用于多极值点函数优化时，存在陷入局部极小点和搜寻效率低的问题。
Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a population-based global optimization algorithm, but it is easy to be trapped into local minima in optimizing multimodal function.
第三章给出一类新的拉伸函数，其从原函数的一个局部极小点出发应用拉伸函数法修正目标函数。
In the third chapter, a new auxiliary function method is proposed, and then a stretching function technique is used to modify the objective function with respect to the obtained local minimum.
CHNN的设计应保证，无论从何种初值出发，网络总能通过运行收敛到一个稳定状态，它相应于能量函数的某个局部极小点。
The design of CHNN should ensure that the networks always converge to a steady sate corresponding to a local minimum point of energy function by running in spite of starting from any initial values.
本文首先对箱子约束全局最优化问题提出了一个新的辅助函数，该函数能跳出当前的局部极小点。
In this paper, a new auxiliary function with one parameter on box constrained for escaping the current local minimizer of global optimization problem is proposed.
新算法选择很广一类的隐层神经元函数，可以直接求得全局最小点，不存在BP算法的局部极小、收敛速度慢等问题。
The algorithm can get global minimum easily with a wide variety of functions of hidden neurons, and no problems such as local minima and slow rate of convergence are suffered like BP algorithm.
建模实践表明，改进后的BP算法可能使网络误差函数达到局部极小点，提高了算法的拟合精度。
Applying improved BP algorithm, it shows the improved BP algorithm can easily converge into the local minimum point and it can improve the accuracy of model.
建模实践表明，改进后的BP算法可能使网络误差函数达到局部极小点，提高了算法的拟合精度。
Applying improved BP algorithm, it shows the improved BP algorithm can easily converge into the local minimum point and it can improve the accuracy of model.
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