要估测产出缺口的大小，及其可能引发通货紧缩的威胁有多大，并不容易。
Estimating how big the output gap is, and how much of a deflationary threat it still poses, is not easy.
但这也不足以阻止产出缺口的扩大(指经济能够完成的最大产出与实际产出的差)。
But it would not be enough to prevent a sharp widening of the output gap (the difference between actual GDP and what the economy could produce at full capacity).
这两个估测数据之间的差距鲜明地体现了依赖产出缺口的一个最大的问题：测量不可靠。
This divergence in estimates highlights the biggest problem in relying on the output gap: it is a slippery thing to measure.
通过估计利率和汇率对产出缺口的相关影响及实际利率和实际汇率的权重可以估计最优货币状况指数。
The paper also estimate the optimal monetary index by estimating related effects of interest rate and exchange rate on output gap and weight of real interest rate and exchange rate.
识别经济泡沫开始形成当然有难度，但央行已经有过处理其他不可预知事件的经验，像衡量产出缺口的大小或结构性失业率的水平。
It is certainly hard to spot bubbles; but central Banks already grapple with other imponderables, such as the size of the output gap or the level of structural unemployment.
我们首先估计出了预期通货膨胀率和潜在经济增长率，然后依据通货膨胀预期误差和产出缺口的关系来描述我国菲利普斯曲线的动态特征。
We firstly estimate the inflation expectations and potential output, and then we describe the dynamics of Phillips curve based on the inflation expectation error and output gap.
本文测算了我国菲利普斯曲线的动态变化，得出了产出缺口的变动对物价的影响基本呈现稳定的下降趋势的结论，即菲利普斯曲线逐渐变得平缓。
The paper calculates the dynamic philips curve and argues that the effect of the output gap on price tends to decline, i. e. , the slope of philips curve is becoming smaller.
部分原因在于，虽然自然生产率和经济产出缺口是一个很不错的想法，但往往难以随时使两者数值匹配。
In part because, while the NAIRU and the output gap are nice ideas, it is often hard to agree, at any given moment, on the value of either number.
耶伦在3月23日的讲话中警告说产出缺口可能直到2013年才能完全消除。
In a March 23 speech, Ms. Yellen cautioned that the output gap may not be fully closed until 2013.
这份报告的作者们(John Williams和JustinWeidner)以此证明产出缺口在第一季度可能只有2%，几乎或压根不可能引发通货紧缩。
The authors take this as evidence that the output gap may have been only 2% in the first quarter, implying little or no threat of deflation.
1981- 83年一个类似水平的产出缺口(7%左右)引起通货膨胀率下降了6个百分点。
A comparable gap in 1981-83 produced a drop in core inflation of six percentage points.
然而甚至是Ashworth先生也承认，核心通货膨胀率和工资增长水平都还没下降到产出缺口和失业率这两者似能预测的那种程度。
Yet even Mr Ashworth admits that core inflation and wage growth have not fallen as much as the output gap and unemployment would seem to predict.
但是只要巨大的产出缺口持续存在，把这种威胁一笔勾消的做法就显得不成熟。
Yet it seems premature to write off the threat as long as a large output gap persists.
但是央行已经开始尝试评估“产出缺口，”来确定制定利率政策时，经济增长是否高于发展趋势的程度，这也是十分困难的。
But central Banks already try to estimate the "output gap", the extent to which economic growth is above or below trend, when setting interest rates-and that's fiendishly difficult.
产出缺口是一国实际经济产出和按照该国所获资本、专门技能和劳动力所能得到的最大产出的差额。
The output gap is the difference between actual economic output and the most the economy could produce given the capital, know-how and people available.
央行公布的数据表明，3月份工业增加值产出缺口达到3.06%，为1998年以来的最高水平，且为连续第七个月上升。
The central bank says the output gap reached a positive 3.06% in March, the highest level since 1998 and the seventh straight month of increase.
“否认产出缺口”的一种更谨慎的版本，是认为危机前那种水平的产出是银行放贷的结果，其中大部分已随信贷紧缩而一去不复返。
The more cautious version of "output gap denial" is the view that the pre-crisis level of output was the result of bank-financed debt, and that much of it went for good with the credit crunch.
一份普通的官方估计表明，英国的产出缺口，也就是英国目前的产出与其资源充分利用后产出之间的差距，只占GDP的4%。
An average of official estimates suggests that Britain's output gap-the difference between where the economy is operating and where it would be if all resources were used-is just under 4% of GDP.
他们不是按照传统根据产出缺口来推测通货膨胀率，而是反过来：从通货膨胀的走势来推测产出缺口。
Rather than follow the conventional route of deriving an inflation forecast from an estimate of potential output, they do the opposite: they infer the output gap from the behaviour of inflation.
如果这空前的货币和财政刺激起作用的话，产出缺口会最终消失。
If the unprecedented monetary and fiscal stimulus works, output gaps will eventually close.
劳伦斯的宏观经济顾问认为明年美国的产出缺口会达到GDP的9%。
Laurence Meyer of Macroeconomic Advisers, a consultancy, reckons America's output gap will reach 9% of GDP by next year.
经济合作与发展组织最新的经济展望估计美国的产出缺口，即实际GDP和潜在GDP的产值，几乎达到了百分之五，而英国则超过了百分之六，二者都比日本更大。
The OECD’s latest Economic Outlook estimates America’s output gap, the difference between actual and potential GDP, at almost 5% and Britain’s at over 6%, both larger than Japan’s.
经济合作与发展组织最新的经济展望估计美国的产出缺口，即实际GDP和潜在GDP的产值，几乎达到了百分之五，而英国则超过了百分之六，二者都比日本更大。
The OECD’s latest Economic Outlook estimates America’s output gap, the difference between actual and potential GDP, at almost 5% and Britain’s at over 6%, both larger than Japan’s.
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