更新世是一段冰河时代。
到本世纪中叶，冰河时代的破坏力将难以想象。
An ice age by mid-century would be unimaginably devastating.
有些年轮可以追溯到近一万年前的冰河时代末期。
Some of the rings go back almost ten thousand years to the end of the Ice Age.
在更久远的过去，其他冰河时代也曾发生过这种情况。
In the much more distant past, other ice ages have occurred.
相反，如果另一个冰河时代来临，海平面会急剧下降。
In contrast, should another ice age occur, sea level would drop drastically.
小冰河时代已让位于以持续稳定变暖为特征的新气候体制。
The Little Ice Age has given way to a new climatic regime, marked by prolonged and steady warming.
结果，根据这个理论，依赖植物多样性的冰河时代动物无法生存。
As a result, so the theory goes, the Ice Age animals that depended on plant diversity couldn't survive.
但在冰河时代，这些植物群落实际上一起生长，彼此混杂在一起。
But during the Ice Age, these plant communities actually grew together, mixed with one another.
答案是地球运动的动力学，顺便说一下，这也是导致冰河时代的原因。
The answer is the dynamics of earth's motions, the same thing that caused the Ice Age by the way.
随着温室气体浓度的下降，地球开始再次变冷，最终又将回到冰河时代。
Gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you slip back into an Ice Age.
想想如果没有那种影响，我们可能会再次进入冰河时代，真是有点讽刺。
It's kind of ironic to think that absent that effect, it maybe that we would be heading into an Ice Age again.
自从一万年前冰河时代结束，气温回升到北纬地区，许多物种都向北迁移。
Since the Ice Age ended ten thousand years ago and warmer temperatures returned to the northern latitudes, many species have migrated north.
冰河时代末期的全球变暖对亚洲、欧洲和北美的温带地区产生了巨大的影响。
The universal global warming at the end of the Ice Age had dramatic effects on temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America.
那就把人们的注意力从地球气候的自然变化上转移开了，比如冰河时代，对吧？
That takes the focus away from the natural variations in the earth climate, like the Ice Age, right?
更新世，也就是众所周知的冰河时代，从180万年前持续至11500年前。
The Pleistocene epoch, most commonly known as the Ice Age, stretched from 1.8 million to 11,500 years ago.
还有人认为，注入大气的火山灰保护地球免受太阳辐射，并开启了一段冰河时代。
Still others argue that volcanic dust injected into the atmosphere shields Earth from the Sun's rays and initiates an ice age.
例如，随着覆盖北美的大冰原在最后一个冰河时代逐渐融化，大量的水从冰原流出。
For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them.
米兰科维奇在20世纪早期提出，冰河时代是由地球绕太阳运行轨道的变化引起的。
Milankovitch proposed in the early twentieth century that the ice ages were caused by variations in the Earth's orbit around the Sun.
例如，在过去的冰河时代，冰川向下穿过北美和欧洲，逐渐切断了部分人口之间的联系。
For example, during past ice ages, glaciers advanced down through North America and Europe and gradually cut off parts of populations from one another.
GRIP的数据似乎表明，Eemian的气候变化至少和冰河时代的气候一样剧烈。
Data from GRIP seem to indicate that the Eemian climate swung at least as wildly as the climate of ice age periods.
冰河时代猛犸象的柔软部位，包括皮肤、毛发和内脏，被保存在冻土或石油渗出的焦油中。
Soft parts, including skin, hair, and viscera of ice age mammoths, have been preserved in frozen soil or in the oozing tar of oil seeps.
来自岩心上部的发现证实了科学家们已经知道的情况：最后一个冰河时代的气候变化非常快。
Findings from the upper sections of the cores have confirmed what scientists already knew—climate during the last ice age fluctuated rapidly.
然而，他们欣然承认，对于冰河时代艺术家创作他们这些有趣而精细的画作的原因，人们知之甚少。
They readily admit, however, that little is understood yet as to the reasons why ice age artists created their interesting and detailed paintings.
由于这些优点，可以通过辐射测量方法以足够确定沉积证据的年代，从而建立一个精确的冰河时代年表。
Because of these advantages, sedimentary evidence can be dated with sufficient accuracy by radiometric methods to establish a precise chronology of the ice ages.
在法国拉斯科洞穴中发现了冰河时代晚期的绳索，这条绳索由向右旋转的纤维捆成，因此它是由右撇子编成的。
The late Ice Age rope found in the French cave of Lascaux consists of fibers spiraling to the right, and was therefore tressed by a righthander.
有一段时间，这一理论被认为是不可检验的，主要是因为没有足够精确的冰河时代的年表与轨道的变化相匹配。
For sometime this theory was considered untestable, largely because there was no sufficiently precise chronology of the ice ages with which the orbital variations could be matched.
正如安东尼·哈勒姆所指出的，许多科学现象，比如冰河时代，在它们还没有被完全解释清楚之前就已经被接受了。
As Anthony Hallam has pointed out, many scientific phenomena, such as the ice ages, have been accepted before they could be fully explained.
有一些变暖是自然发生的。随着上一个冰河时代的结束和冰的融化，我们已经经历了长达20，000年的变暖过程。
Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice melted away.
从阿拉斯加东南海岸岛屿的洞穴中提取的化石的放射性碳年代测定法表明，在最后一个冰河时代，该地区至少有一部分保持无冰状态。
Radiocarbon dating of fossils taken from caves on islands along southeastern Alaska's coast suggest that at least a portion of the area was remaining ice-free during the last ice age.
有人认为，太阳能量输出的变化可能是导致冰河时代的原因。
Some suggest that variations in the Sun's energy output could account for the ice ages.
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