由三个或五个透镜元素组成的周期场，可以作为离子透镜使离子束成象。
A periodic field formed with three or five lens elements can be used as an image-forming lens in ion-optics.
这些负离子对应元素的电子亲合势大部分接近或小于零，负离子难以形成。
The formation of negative ions from these elements is difficult dut to electron affinity of these negative ions is near to or less than zero.
这些负离子对应元素的电子亲合势大部分接近或小于零，负离子难以形成。
The formation of negative ions from these elements is difficult dut to electron affinity of these negative ions is near to or less than zero.
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