本文给出了二级近似时近轴球面反射成像的物象规律，进而讨论了横向放大率与像差。
The more exact object image law of reflection image on axial spherical surface is presented, the lateral magnification and aberration are discussed.
应用光程函数法计算出旋转对称电子光学系统的7级几何像差，给出旋转对称电磁场同时存在情况下的系统7级几何像差表示式。
The 7th order geometrical aberration of rotationally symmetrical electron optic system and their expressions are given by using the eikonal method when the electric and magnetic fields exit.
证明了存在二级像差情况下刘维定理仍然成立。
It is verified that Liouville's theorem still holds under such circumstances.
在折反系统中，用同一种红外材料实现了像差特别是二级光谱的校正。
In the catadioptric infrared optical system, both aberration and second spectrum are corrected by using the same infrared optical material.
在折反系统中，用同一种红外材料实现了像差特别是二级光谱的校正。
In the catadioptric infrared optical system, both aberration and second spectrum are corrected by using the same infrared optical material.
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