倾向犯的内心倾向实际上是行为人的主观心理需要，这种心理需要并不影响行为的危害性质及程度，因此不能作为构成要件要素。
The orientation of orientation offense is the subjectively mental needs which can not influence the harmfulness and extent of dangerous act, so it can not be token as the constitutive element.
由于错误管理理论-当人们(甚至包括其他动物)判断错误的时候，他们倾向于犯代价最小的错误。这样的结果也在hill博士的意料之中了。
Dr Hill had predicted this outcome, thanks to error-management-theory-the idea that when people (or, indeed, other animals) make errors of judgement, they tend to make the error that is least costly.
程序员通常犯同样的错误。人人都有自己的习惯。一名程序员倾向于犯某种类型的错误，他就会经常重复它。
Programmers often make the same mistake. Everyone has habits. A programmer who is prone to a certain error will often repeat it.
抢劫犯掩饰倾向低于对照组。
抢劫犯掩饰倾向低于对照组。
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