在我们需要设计一个企业系统架构时，作为知识主要来源的涉众甚至是错误的分类。
Stakeholders are even the wrong category to be used as a primary source of knowledge when we need to architect an enterprise system.
图1：应用高内聚和低耦合的原则在企业系统架构的应用和领域层中是特别至关重要的。
Figure 1: Applying the principles of high cohesion and low coupling is especially critical within the application and domain layers of an enterprise system architecture.
一个有趣的例子是越来越多的组织将他们的系统的实现和维护进行外包，而他们自己维护整个的企业架构的控制。
An interesting example of this is the growing number of organizations that outsource implementation and maintenance of their systems while maintaining control of the overall enterprise architecture.
彻底地了解企业架构2对有效的设计、实现、部署和演进系统的维护是至关重要的。
A thorough understanding of the enterprise architecture 2 is crucial to effective design, implementation, deployment, and maintenance of evolving systems.
任何组织都可以从企业架构存储库获益，但重点关注软件系统开发的将从其获得最大的价值。
Any organization can gain value from an enterprise architecture repository, but those that focus on software system development will gain the most.
这里提到的层是分布式的SOA程序架构层与企业系统和过程层。
The layers here are both distributed SOA application architecture layers and enterprise system and process layers.
构建模型结构和实现文件控制系统只是建立企业架构存储库的第一部分。
Building a model structure and implementing the file-control system is simply the first part of establishing an enterprise architecture repository.
况且“SOA已死”并不意味着企业架构、分布式系统、面向服务和应用集成都完蛋了。
Moreover "SOA is dead" does not mean that Enterprise Architecture, distributed system, services orientation and application integration are dead.
通过清晰的验证我们已经描述过的关系，系统工程师最好能够理解他们的努力是怎样被全体的企业架构限制，以及对其有所贡献的。
By clearly illustrating the relationships we've described, systems engineers are better able to understand how their efforts are constrained by, and contribute to, the overall enterprise architecture.
技术架构还描述企业中使用的编程语言和操作系统。
This also describes the programming languages and operating systems used in the enterprise.
我们到底能否找到实际做企业架构的方法？毕竟，企业架构需要的是复杂的、系统的方法。
If we have any hope of figuring out how to actually architect enterprises, after all, we'll need to take a complex systems approach to enterprise architecture.
而且当需求改变时，您可以增加或替换主机介面、增加容量、增加快取记忆体，并可线上立即更新系统配置，以确保该架构可跟上企业成长的脚步。
And when requirements change, you can add or replace host interfaces, grow capacity, add cache and reconfigure the system on the fly-ensuring that it will keep pace with your growing company.
最初创建SOAD的原因是支持企业应用和SOA设计，而指导模型的使用则是作为可重用资产也适用于其他应用系统和架构风格。
SOAD was originally created to support enterprise application and SOA design, but the use of guidance models as reusable assets also applies to other application genres and architectural styles.
基本上，在与大型企业强制的限制因素相一致时，创建或者更新系统架构是系统工程师的责任。
Essentially, it is their responsibility to create or update the architecture of the system while conforming to any constraints mandated by the larger enterprise.
相反，要赶上行业，它们可能考虑利用结构化的企业架构框架(例如，Zachman Framework)屏蔽它们现有的过程、系统，和方法。
Instead, to catch up with the industry they might consider screening their existing processes, systems, and methods using a structural enterprise architecture framework, such as the Zachman framework.
正如我们将要在本文后面所论述的那样，EMF被用来创建从企业架构工具，例如Popkins系统结构至基于MOF仓库之间的转换器。
As we will describe later in this article, EMF was used to build model transformers from enterprise architecture tools, like Popkins System architect, to an MOF-based repository.
学习这个架构图表时，将看到整个企业中布满了基于UNIX和类似unix (Linux)的系统。
As you study the architecture diagrams here, you'll see UNIX-based and UNIX-like (Linux) systems spread through the enterprise.
随着Web对企业产生越来越深远的影响，我们看到Web技术开始渗透到系统架构及思想中。
As the Web becomes an increasingly important influence on the enterprise, we're beginning to see Web technologies seep into systems architecture and thinking.
边做边修改架构(重构)而没有一些初始的架构设计，对大型企业系统来说是不适合的。
Fixing architecture as you go (i.e. refactoring) without some initial architectural design is not appropriate for large-scale enterprise systems.
SoaML使得面向业务和面向系统的服务架构能相互合作来支持企业任务。
SoaML enables business oriented and systems oriented services architectures to mutually and collaboratively support the enterprise mission.
支持将 J2EE连接器架构资源适配器连接到企业信息系统，例如CICSTransactionServer和IMS。
Support for J2EE Connector Architecture resource adapters to connect to enterprise information systems such as CICS Transaction Server and IMS.
接下来的部分在RationalSystemArchitect中显示了一个系统架构图，其中有一些企业中的程序会得到建模，而其附件也会显示出来。
The following shows a System Architecture diagram in Rational System Architect, where a few applications in the enterprise are modeled and their dependencies shown.
通过创建ABB以描述企业关键系统组成与行为性的模式，您可以为域架构视图建模，例如应用、基础设施（Infrastructure）、网络和安全。
You model domain architecture views, such as Applications, Infrastructure, Networks, and Security, by creating ABBs to describe enterprise-critical system composition and behavioral patterns.
架构师的一个很重要的动机是确保整个企业生态系统可以正常工作，即使面对不断变化的需求和功能。
One important incentive for architects is to make sure that the entire enterprise ecosystem continues to function, even in the face of changing requirements and capabilities.
在新的企业架构已经为启动准备就绪的情况下，建立一个核心系统的检查清单，并列出那些需要测试的备份系统。
With the new enterprise architecture ready for launch, build a checklist of core systems, and list those backup systems that require testing.
有责任的架构师越来越关注采用一些正式的方法来管理已成为企业命脉的系统。
Increasingly, responsible architects are paying attention to formalized means for managing the systems that have become the lifeblood of business.
还有软件层以帮助企业把IT基础架构变成自己的云，也就是“数据中心的虚拟操作系统”。
The other is software that helps firms to turn their IT infrastructure into their own cloud, known as a “virtual operating system for data centres”.
如果企业架构能够集成来自各种源系统的业务和技术元数据，就可以解决这些问题。
These problems can be solved through an enterprise architecture that integrates business and technical metadata from various sources.
为支持此类分析，懂xml的企业架构师可以找到廉价且灵活的方式来收集基本的信息，用于支持系统优化。
In support of such analysis, the XML-savvy enterprise architect can find inexpensive and flexible ways to gather basic information to support Systems Optimization.
如今，企业系统解决方案一般采用多层的系统架构，包含用于表示、控制器、应用、领域，和持久性的分别的层。
Enterprise system solutions nowadays commonly adopt a multi-layered system architecture, with separate layers for presentation, controller, application, domain, and persistence.
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