所有企业都存在一定形式的治理，虽然这种治理可能比较脆弱或是临时性的。
All enterprises have some form of governance, though that governance may be weak and adhoc.
第一部分，大型企业集团治理模式的国际比较。
Part One makes an international comparison of governance models of large enterprise groups.
公司治理属于企业制度的内容，发端并完善于欧美国家经济学领域的研究，且形成了比较完善的法律规范作为制度保障。
The corporate governance, belonging to the enterprise system, originates the field of economics research and has relatively perfect legal norms as a security system.
第二章：企业集团内部治理之比较法研究。
Second chapter: Comparing Research on Group Corporation Inner Governance.
应在传统会计及国外、国内学术界对环境成本确认的比较研究基础上，对环境成本进行合理界定，并建立环境成本的计量方法，为企业进行环境治理决策提供理论基础和方法。
On the basis of comparison, this paper recognizes the concept and content of environmental costs, and builds up the means of measuring them for decision on treating environmental pollution.
应在传统会计及国外、国内学术界对环境成本确认的比较研究基础上，对环境成本进行合理界定，并建立环境成本的计量方法，为企业进行环境治理决策提供理论基础和方法。
On the basis of comparison, this paper recognizes the concept and content of environmental costs, and builds up the means of measuring them for decision on treating environmental pollution.
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