制造商和代理商间的非价格协定。
价格协定。
菲利普拍卖行主要靠给卖家慷慨的保证来抢占市场份额，它向卖家许诺，一旦竞价过低公司将以双方之前协定的价格购买拍品。
Phillips bought market share, mainly by giving sellers lavish guarantees, promises to buy items at pre-agreed prices if the bidding failed to go high enough.
许多在拍卖行无法卖出其最低价格的艺术品，之后便会在台下悄悄地按照“私人协定”交易来完成，拍卖行则会充当协商方。
Many pieces that fail to achieve their reserve price at auction are quietly sold afterwards in “private-treaty” deals negotiated by the auction houses.
由于该协定并没有积累库存，要想压低价格而无能为力。
Since the agreements had no accumulated stocks, they were powerless to hold down prices.
转售价格维持协定。
过去，建立商品协定的明文规定的宗旨是为了赢得价格稳定。
In the past, the stated motive for the formation of commodity agreements has been the achievement of price stability.
即持有者在某一约定日期按协定价格买入或卖出一份期权。
It refers that the holder buy or sell one option at strike price on a set date.
两国首相，弗拉基米尔•普京和尤利娅•季莫申科（Yulia Tymoshenko），在莫斯科就供气价格与直接销售签署了一道正式协定。
The two countries' prime ministers, Vladimir Putin and Yulia Tymoshenko, signed a formal agreement in Moscow on gas prices and direct sales.
产量限制协定。一项关于限制产量的协定是非法的。因为它削减了产品和服务的供应量，这就不可避免地引发了价格上涨。
Agreements to restrict output. An agreement to restrict production or output is illegal because reducing the supply of a product or service inevitably drives up its price.
关于价格或诸如信用证条款等有关价格事项的协定是极具潜在危害性的。
Agreements about price or price-related matters such as credit terms potentially are the most serious.
摘要：随着多个自贸协定的逐步实施，中国的消费者有望获得更加丰富的选择，以更实惠的价格买到外国商品。
ABSTRACT: as China has reached free-trade agreement with many countries, some changes will take place to its customers.
摘要：随着多个自贸协定的逐步实施，中国的消费者有望获得更加丰富的选择，以更实惠的价格买到外国商品。
ABSTRACT: as China has reached free-trade agreement with many countries, some changes will take place to its customers.
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