拉乌尔认为，一种可能性是该病毒不会直接感染人类细胞。
One possibility, Raoult says, is that the virus does not infect human cells directly.
第二种机制是一个渐进的适应性变异过程，在这一过程中，伴随人类受到感染，病毒与人体细胞相结合的能力增加了。
The second mechanism is a more gradual process of adaptive mutation, whereby the capability of the virus to bind to human cells increases during subsequent infections of humans.
作为替代，他的研究小组提出，人类的细胞可能防止被黑猩猩病毒感染。
As an alternative, his team proposed that human cells might prevent the chimpanzee viruses from even invading.
他们报告说，该病毒的快速复制表明它适应了人类细胞的环境。
The virus's rapid replication indicates that it is adapted to human cells, they reported.
科学家发现当人类干细胞感染了腺病毒- 36，它们就变成脂肪细胞。
Scientists found that when human stem cells are exposed to adenovirus-36, they turn into fat cells.
目前该研究有了进一步的进展，他们可以替代足够的人类肝脏细胞到小鼠肝上，在暴露于肝炎病毒时可致广泛的肝炎。
The present study went one step further-they could replace enough cells to cause widespread hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) after exposure to the virus.
作为对病毒感染自然防御的部分，人类细胞的蛋白质会锁住dsRNA，引发级联反应，以阻止病毒的自我复制。
As part of their natural defenses against viral infection, human cells have proteins that latch onto dsRNA, setting off a cascade of reactions that prevents the virus from replicating itself.
拉奥特说：“另一种可能是病毒并不会直接影响人类的细胞，而失去蛋白质外壳的病毒核糖核酸可能会通过一种类似于核糖核酸介素的组件选择细胞的功能。
One possibility, Raoult says, is that the virus does not infect human cells directly.
如果要发生大流行，病毒需要能够附着在人类细胞上，感染细胞并在其中复制。
For this to happen, it would need to be able to attach to, infect and replicate in human cells.
几种类型的人类细胞很容易受重新复活的病毒的影响，并且人类的铜分子传输蛋白和黑猩猩和一样的。
Several types of human cell are susceptible to the resurrected virus, and the human version of the copper-transporter protein is identical to that of chimpanzees.
相反，真菌、寄生虫和病毒细胞与人类细胞有许多共同的途径和结构，所以研究人员必须面对的是较少的作用靶位，还有对患者带来的较高中毒风险问题。
In contrast, fungi, parasites, and viruses share many pathways and structures with human cells, so researchers must contend with fewer target sites of action and greater risks of patient toxicity.
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV，也称艾滋病毒)感染免疫系统细胞，破坏或损伤其功能。
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells of the immune system, destroying or impairing their function.
动物实验的成功促使研究小组进行试管研究，以确定二甲胺四环素疗法能否影响感染HIV的人类T细胞的潜伏病毒。
The success with the animal model prompted the team to study in test tubes whether minocycline treatment affected latency in human t cells infected with HIV.
所存在的一个技术障碍是，为将所注射的叫神经配基3（neurogenin3）的基因与肝细胞结合，需要一种病毒来转运该基因，而该病毒对人类可能是致命的。
One obstacle is that in order for the gene called neurogenin3 to bond with a cell it needs to be transported by a virus which could be deadly to humans.
整合酶抑制剂；首次获准：2007年；抗病毒方式：整合酶抑制剂干预了整合酶酵素，艾滋病病毒正是通过整合酶酵素将自己的遗传物质传到人类细胞。
Integrase inhibitors 2007 integrase inhibitors interfere with the integrase enzyme, which HIV needs to insert its genetic material into human cells.
科学家随后成功分离并培养出可以与人类细胞受体相结合的活病毒。
Crucially, the scientists were also able to isolate and culture a live virus that binds to a receptor on a human cell.
而另一方面，人类肌体细胞有着强有力的能规范基因活动，包括对病毒基因进行调节的天然机制。
Meanwhile, the human organism's cells possess powerful natural mechanism which should regulate the work of genes including viral ones.
能溶解肿瘤细胞的病毒作为本研究项目的一部分，博士生HelleJensen已经用VSV感染了人类癌细胞。
As part of the research project, PhD student Helle Jensen has infected human cancer cells with VSV.
我们展示了人类免疫细胞在体外非酒精性脂肪性肝病，说明酒的确影响天然免疫炎症相关的细菌和病毒的感染。
What we showed in human immune cells in vitro petri dish-type alcohol administration is that alcohol indeed affects inflammation and in turn innate immunity related to bacterial and viral infections.
我们展示了人类免疫细胞在体外非酒精性脂肪性肝病，说明酒的确影响天然免疫炎症相关的细菌和病毒的感染。
What we showed in human immune cells in vitro petri dish-type alcohol administration is that alcohol indeed affects inflammation and in turn innate immunity related to bacterial and viral infections.
应用推荐