虽然人类的染色体组很多部分都是相同的，但是微小的基因差别也许会对应他们在疾病上的不同感受和在治疗后的不同反应。
Although humans share most of their genome with one another, slight genetic differences may correspond to variation in their susceptibility to diseases and responses to therapeutics.
无论如何，如果我们检查这些螺旋状DNA的末端，我们会发现每条人类染色体的末端都有一个被称作“端粒”的 DNA序列。
Anyway, if we examine these ends of these coils of DNA, we will find a sequence of DNA at each end of every human Chromosome, called a telomere.
像许多有性繁殖的物种一样，人类有特殊的性染色体。
Like many sexually reproducing species, humans have special gonosomes.
黑猩猩有24对染色体，人类有23对，不过这并不能完全阻止两个物种间的杂交。
Chimps have 24 pairs of chromosomes, and humans 23, but this is not an absolute barrier to breeding.
所有人类都有23对共计46个染色体，它们存在于人体的任何一个细胞当中。
All human beings have 46 chromosomes in 23 matching pairs, all of which are present in every cell in our body.
该项技术使医生可以检测妇女卵细胞中携带人类遗传密码的染色体的缺陷。
The technique allows doctors to check a woman's eggs for defective chromosomes, the structures that carry the human genetic code.
在动物实验中发现一种能阻断艾滋病毒整合入人类染色体的药物。
A drug that stops the HIV virus from stitching itself into human chromosomes is found to fight AIDS in an animal study.
最有趣的要数科学家们在人类和黑猩猩X染色体上的发现。
Most interesting was what the scientists discovered about the X chromosome in humans and chimpanzees.
可不可能这对染色体只是在我们人类的族系中丢失的呢？
Is it possible that a pair of chromosomes just got lost in our lineage?
根据一项发表在《自然》杂志的研究，这类“瘦身”基因由人类第16号染色体上的28个基因组成。
According to a study published in the journal Nature, the genes in question are a group of 28 that form part of chromosome 16.
人类的大多数变异基因都是中性的，这意味着变异之所以被激发不是出于自然选择，而是由于产生了良性变异或染色体在复制时候发生了混乱。
Most variation in the human genome is neutral, meaning that it arose not by natural selection but by processes like harmless mutations and the random shuffling of the genome between generations.
科学家发现人类的X染色体同黑猩猩的X染色体较为相似。
The scientists found that human and chimpanzee X chromosomes are relatively similar.
对于人类来说，完整的基因组包含约两万个基因，分布在23对染色体上。
For humans, the complete genome contains about 20, 000 genes on 23 pairs of chromosomes.
“如果我们可以破解他们的编码，我们就可以在工程上制造这些RNA，让染色体按照我们的意愿工作，”Rinn说，“这对于治疗学与人类健康的来说将是全新的一页。”
"If we can unravel their code, we can engineer these molecules to bend the genome to our will," Rinn says. "That would be a totally new facet for therapeutics and human health."
问题的答案隐藏在人类的第15号染色体中的相关区域，其中含有等位胸腺嘧啶碱基（T）编号为rs1051730SNP才是“罪魁祸首”。
That answer lies in part of human chromosome 15, and depends on what is known as allele T of SNP rs1051730.
前言：在人类细胞遗传学中，荧光分子技术的出现带来了一些染色体研究和诊断的新方法。
Introducetion: in human cytogenetics, the advent of fluorescence molecular techniques has brought forth new procedures for chromosome investigation and diagnosis.
女性作为X染色体的杂合子在人类的健康与疾病中及重要作用，并可避免X连锁遗产性疾病在女性中发生。
Female mosaicism of the X chromosome has major implications for human health and disease and is the leading cause of female protection from X-linked genetic disorders.
人类在狩猎采集这些物种的同时，也无意识地驯养了它们。我们无心的改变了它们的染色体，使它们成为新的物种，从而为我们提供更多的食物。
We unwittingly altered their genomes so much that they became new species, providing us with far more food.
肌营养不良卵白基因位于人类X染色体，携带基因突变的母亲会遗传给婴儿。
The dystrophin gene is found on the X chromosome and passed on to children through a mother who is a carrier.
这些基因是位于15号染色体，其中的23双人类染色体。
These genes are located on chromosome 15, one of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes.
人类DNA分子的染色体组成了人类基因组。
The human DNA molecules are the chromosomes that comprise the human genome.
应用微铺展技术在扫描电镜下对人类染色体的高序结构进行了研究。
The scanning electron microscopical study on higher order structure of human chromosome was made with modified surface microspreading technique.
人工酵母染色体（YAC）技术是人类基因组分析及疾病相关基因的分离、克隆中的关键技术。
Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) techniques play an important role in the analysis of human genome and the isolation and cloning of disease related genes.
然而，由于人类胚胎中存在高比例的染色体嵌合型，单个卵裂球是否能代表整个胚胎还需要人们进一步研究。
However, due to the existing in human embryos high rates of chromosome chimeric type, single transgene ball whether can represent the entire embryo also requires people to further study.
每一根染色体包含了许多指挥被细胞所需要的蛋白质所产出的基因。基因存在于植物、动物、人类，甚至是一些病毒中。
Each chromosome contains many genes that direct the production of proteins needed by cells. Genes exist in plants, animals, human beings and even some viruses.
对于人类染色体的自动分割一直是染色体识别的一个难题。
Fully automatic human chromosome segmentation is a tough problem of the chromosome recognition.
对于人类染色体的自动分割一直是染色体识别的一个难题。
Fully automatic human chromosome segmentation is a tough problem of the chromosome recognition.
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