然而，其他学者则认为，有组织的劳工一直在捍卫白人工人相对于非裔美国工人的相对特权地位。
Other scholars, however, have portrayed organized labor as defending all along the relatively privileged position of White workers relative to African American workers.
到底是怎么一回事情？要搞清楚事实，首先要区分工人工资和实际上的成本的区别。
Understanding the facts is all about understanding the difference between worker pay and the actual cost of labor.
大多数Vidalias洋葱都由工人人工收种，埃迪尔韦托就是其中一员，他从墨西哥来到北部这片土地上工作，在乔治亚州南部收种洋葱和其他庄稼长达16年。
And most Vidalias are harvested by hand, by workers such as Edilberto, who came north from Mexico to work in the fields. He has picked Onions and other crops in south Georgia for 16 years.
EustachioNicoletti是他家族公司的总经理，说：“中国的人工成本只是我们的十分之一，而且中国工人要灵活得多。”
“Labour costs in China are one-tenth of ours, ” says Eustachio Nicoletti, managing director of his family's business, “and Chinese workers are far more flexible.”
自从2001年以来，美国的普通工人工资水平始终徘徊不前，实际收入的增长甚至不足生产率增长的一半。
Since 2001 the pay of the typical worker in the United States has been stuck, with real wages growing less than half as fast as productivity.
德国公司自从2004年至今一直是现金盈余，那年利润上涨，成为了国家收入的一部分，而实际工人工资没有上涨。
German firms have been running cash surpluses since 2004, when profits began to rise as a share of national income as real wages stagnated.
如果你的数量多的话，你可以帮我节省三天安装、一天半拆装的时间，这相当于三个工人工作四天半的工资。
By saving me three set up days and 1.5 tear down days, that's the salary of three men four and a half days.
有人就增加工厂工人工资一事征求过她的意见，她没有发表看法。
She was asked about a pay increase for the factory workers, but made no comment.
钱德勒目光凝视着自家装饰华丽的花园，工人们正在安装一座大型的大理石人工喷泉，叹了口气，说道：“就像是我不存在似的。”
Staring out at the ornate garden where workers were installing a large marble fountain, Chandler sighed and added, "It's like I don't even exist."
阿伦森介绍说，让一个自动化折弯单元工作起来，是一个让经验丰富的折弯工人接受机器人替代人工的过程，因为自动化必然造成工作机会的削减，这会招致工人们的集体排斥。
Making an automated bending cell work is a matter of having an experienced press brake operator willing to make the automation work, according to Aronson.
在拉贾斯坦，一家生产beedis香烟的私人工厂不得不白天关门晚上开工，因为只有在晚上才能有更多的工人可以为其工作。
In Rajasthan, a private factory making beedi cigarettes had to close in the day and open at night, when workers were more available.
而如今，以生产iPhone和其他高科技配件著称的富士康终于找到了一个解决方案，即用机器人取代工人工作。
Now the company, best known for producing iPhones and other hi-tech gadgets, has found a solution: use robots instead.
没有一个真正的竞争市场，这些大公司就可以随意增加成本，或不再尽力提供好产品，或想方设法压低工人工资。
Without a truly competitive marketplace, those big companies can raise costs, or slack off on offering good service, or keep their workers' wages too low.
节约人工，只要一个工人就可完成大大提高了产品生产效率。
It economizes manpower, and as long as one of the workers has greatly increased the production efficiency can be completed.
那么，为什么不只是削减工人工资并向他们解释一下理由呢？
So why not just cut its workers' wages and explain to them why?
然而由于中国石油与中国石油集团的依存关系，中国石油还要支付大庆的一些主要的旅馆和饭馆还有住房及供热费用，甚至还要付给数以千计的下岗工人工资。
Yet through its ties to CNPC, PetroChina in effect still pays for the main hotel and some restaurants in Daqing, as well as for the housing, heating and even wages of thousands of laid-off workers.
我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。
供应商如果要求工人工作超出一个半班的时间，将被视为采取了强制劳动。
A Supplier who requires workers to work in excess of a shift and a half will be considered to be utilizing forced labor.
例如，生产工人工资可以包括一块固定工资(固定成本)和按产量计算的奖金(变动成本)。
For example, a production worker may be paid a fixed salary (the fixed element) and a bonus based on output (the variable element).
举一个例子，尽管印度的产业工人工资比中国约低25%，但印度工业的劳动生产率却比中国低50%。
For example, although Indian manufacturing wage rates are about 25 percent lower than China's, labor productivity in Indian industry is about 50 percent lower.
有些人也许会争辩说牛肉面涨价与工人工资涨价是一致的，毕竟劳动者们也感觉到了物价在上涨。
Some people may argue that the increase in the beef noodle's price will go toward workers' wages who are also feeling the effects of rising prices.
与去年的达沃斯论坛一样，自动化技术以及人工智能将取代更多工人的议题，将再次引发热议。
Automation, and the idea that artificial intelligence will replace ever more workers, will again figure prominently, as it did at last year's Davos.
伯南克说银行业务调整者有压力要使更多的贷款面向小企业，小企业雇佣超过一半美国人工人。
Bernanke said banking regulators were applying pressure to get more credit flowing to small businesses, who hire more than half of American workers.
另一方面，40%的人认为收费是应该的，因为需要钱来支付园林工人工资，并购买新花木。 然而，他们建议收费应低。
On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees.
另一方面，40%的人认为收费是应该的，因为需要钱来支付园林工人工资，并购买新花木。 然而，他们建议收费应低。
On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees.
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