本文主要研究浙江省人口生育率变动的新态势。
This paper studies the new phenomenon of fertility change of Zhejiang.
在一些结婚率低的亚洲国家，人口生育率已经下降到了1.0；
In countries with the lowest marriage rates, the fertility rate is nearer 1.0.
短期内，人口生育率冲击会增加人口总量，并提高抚养系数。
In the short run, the fertility shock will increase population and makes the young dependency rate higher.
日本人口生育率除在个别年份有所提高外，一直处于不断下降的趋势。
Except for some specific years, Japanese fertility has shown a declining trend.
世界人口生育率将在2020至2050年期间降至世界生育替代率水平以下。
Sometime between 2020 and 2050 the world's fertility rate will fall below the global replacement rate.
在20年里，人口大国像印度尼西亚，孟加拉国，墨西哥，印度也开始降低人口生育率了。
Within 20 years, demographic giants like Indonesia, Bangladesh, Mexico and India will in all probability also have below-replacement fertility.
这份新的人口展望报告使用了一种与以往不同的方法来计算今后的人口生育率，这种方法充分考虑了各地不同的趋势。
The new projection USES a different method of calculating future rates, which takes better account of local trends.
为了做出更准确的人口预测，人口统计学家必须比现在更多地了解生育率的社会和经济决定因素。
To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic determinants of fertility.
在这一时间段内，随着平均寿命和生育率的提高，石油输出国的人口开始迅速增加。
Over the same period, the populations of OPEC countries started to mushroom, as both life expectancy and fertility rates rose.
日本的生育率已经降到了平均每个妇女生1.34个孩子，这使得劳动力和消费人群不断减少，年轻劳动者养活老龄人口的压力越来越大。
Japan's fertility rate has dropped to 1.34 children per woman, shrinking the pool of workers and consumers, and increasing the burden on younger employees to pay for an aging population.
欧洲大陆的许多发达国家出现了过低的生育率，而这意味着这些国家的人口正在面临老龄化与减少。
The low fertility rate in many of that continent's more developed countries means their populations are ageing and shrinking.
这差不多就是大多数人眼中的非洲：一个家庭成员众多，生育率居高不下的地方，一片有着高压社会，年轻人口大大超过老年人口的大陆。
To most people, this is the familiar Africa, a place of large families and high fertility, a continent in which societies are under extreme stress and where the young massively outnumber the old.
首先，生育率的降低使得人口结构发生变化，劳动力比例相对老人和小孩增加了。
First, as fertility falls it changes the structure of the population, increasing the size of the workforce relative to the Numbers of children and old people.
非洲人口一直在增长，这一点必须牢记，尽管生育率的降低减缓了增长速度。
Africa's population is still growing, remember, even if more slowly because fertility is falling.
刨去移民因素，如果生育率和过去35年持平的话，统计局估计到2050年时候，我们的人口将和现在差不多。
With no net immigration, and fertility rates more or less where they've been for the past 35 years, the Bureau of Statistics estimates that our population in 2050 would be roughly the same as now.
生育率下降在人口结构变化中兴起了层层波澜。
The fertility fall is releasing wave upon wave of demographic change.
在当前因环境压力因素，马尔萨斯人口论向人们敲响警钟时，生育率的降低也不失为人们对全球人口走向担忧的一剂安抚剂。
At a time when Malthusian alarms are ringing because of environmental pressures, falling fertility may even provide a measure of reassurance about global population trends.
（与生育率更高、人口要少很多的邻居澳门相比，这一时间要推后一些）。
That is some time after its neighbour, Macau, which has a higher reproduction rate, but a much smaller population.
卢旺达国会副议长让•达马塞纳•纳塔胡说，“当我审视卢旺达的人口问题时，我发现我们国家的贫困妇女存在高生育率现象。
When I look at the problem of Rwanda's population, it starts with the high fertility rate among our poor women.
他解释说，1950年总生育率为5.8，而1980年巨幅下降至2.3，略微高于人口更替水平的底线。
The total fertility rate had been 5.8 in 1950, he notes, and had declined sharply to 2.3 by 1980, just above replacement level.
当下，正值马尔萨斯主义的忧虑卷土重来、人们为地球人口过盛将导致的后果忧心忡忡之时，生育率的下降实在令人瞠目，也多少令人感到些许欣慰。
At a time when Malthusian worries are resurgent and people fear the consequences for an overcrowded planet, the decline in fertility is surprising and somewhat reassuring.
现代马尔萨斯人口论认为生育率降低并无多大意义。
Modern Malthusians tend to discount the significance of falling fertility.
世界上一半的地区，生育率仅为2.1%，甚至更低。这一比率通常被称作“生育替代率”，标志着人口数量的稳定。
the fertility rate of half the world is now 2.1 or less—the magic number that is consistent with a stable population and is usually called “the replacement rate of fertility”.
1被称作是替换率，这通常被作为人口最终会停止增长的生育率水平。
That number, the so-called replacement rate, is usually taken to be the level at which the population eventually stops growing.
许多欧洲国家和日本的生育率已经下降到人口置换率以下，这让人们担心，劳动力短缺和生产力下降将威胁生活质量。
Fertility rates in many European nations and Japan have dropped below the replacement rate, causing concern that shortages of labor and productivity could threaten the quality of life.
他说，生育率的下降目标早已实现，现在的生育率已经低于人口替换率，这会导致失衡。
The target reductions in fertility rates were reached long ago. Current rates, he says, are below replacement levels and are unsustainable.
但以中国这么大的人口总数，在经过较长时期过后，生育率的微小差别也会产生深远的影响。
But with a population as large as China's and over a long time horizon, the consequences of small differences in the fertility rate are far reaching.
随着一个社会拥有的财富增多，其生育率就会由高转低，而其处于工作年龄的人口则会增加。
As societies grow richer, and start to move from high fertility to low, the size of their working-age population increases.
法国的人口统计中法国占优势：它的人口数量在上升，而德国却是欧盟中最低生育率的国家之一。
Demography is on France's side: its population is growing, whereas Germany has one of the EU's lowest fertility rates.
大学毕业女性的生育率已降至2.1以下，仅够维持现有人口的水平。
The birth rate among female university graduates is just below 2.1, the level needed to maintain a population.
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