保险费是某一特定灾难事件的概率的近似估价。
The insurance rate is an approximate assessment of the probability of a specific disaster.
对一个极端的末尾事件的概率预测上的较小改变，能够导致一场大破坏。
A small shift in the predicted probability of an extreme tail event can wreak havoc.
通常，源于大偏差方法的小概率事件的概率可以作为一个变分问题的解。
Usually the probability of rare event derived from large deviation method can be expressed as a solution of variational problem.
模糊事件的概率就是它的平均隶属度。 模糊事件的熵就是它的概率的负对数。
The probability of a fuzzy event is the average value of its grade of membership-Its entropy is the negative logarithm of probability.
对导致反应堆控制系统故障的事故序列进行了识别，计算了该系统顶事件的概率。
The event sequences leading to the reactor control system failure are identified and the top event probability of this system is calculated.
结论：治疗组免于发生包括死亡在内的重大事件的概率在任何观察时点都比对照组高。
Conclusion: the probability of the occurrence of severe events including death of CM group is lower than control group in any observed time.
包括：1、赖欣巴哈的概率逻辑系统的困难，这些因难主要来自：如何确定单个事件的概率；
The latter aspects include: (1), The difficult in Reichenbach's probability logic system, which mainly come from: how to determine single event's probability;
这些是用来度量总体的变量，因为他们对应的是总体中所有的结果，度量的是所有事件的概率。
These are called population measures because they refer to the whole population of possible outcomes and they measure the probabilities.
通过构建适当的概率问题，利用必然事件的概率为1得到恒等式，这样也就完成了对恒等式的证明。
The paper argues that identity can be proved by from appropriate probabicity problems, and identity can be obtained by making use of the fact that the probabicity of certain event is 1.
文本文在大规模语料的基础上，利用语言模型中稀疏事件的概率估计方法对汉语的熵进行计算，并讨论了语料规模等因素对熵的影响。
Different estimation methods of the probabilities of sparse events for the computation of the entropy in large scale modern Chinese text are applied in this paper.
大偏差理论提供了一个很好的办法来计算小概率事件的概率，尽管这种事件发生的概率可能会很小，但是一旦发生将会产生巨大的影响。
Large deviation theory provides a good method to calculus the probability of rare event, which will have great impact once it happens although its probability may be very small.
正如维克托·雨果(Victor Hugo)所言：“如果不制定计划，对时间的支配就完全受制于事件的概率，混乱很快就会来临。”
As Victor Hugo said: "where no plan is laid, where the disposal of time is surrendered merely to the chance of incident, chaos will soon reign."
然而，量子力学的预测只给出事件发生的概率，而不是事件是否会发生的确定性陈述。
The predictions of quantum mechanics, however, give only the probability of an event, not a deterministic statement of whether or not the event will occur.
为了理解概率，你要把事件想象成是随机发生的，但人们没有那样，清晰直观的认识。
In order to understand probability, you have to take things as coming from a random event and people don't clearly have that in their mind from an intuitive standpoint.
例如，两个量子事件a和b，描述为所谓的概率幅，分别为alpha和beta。
For example, two quantum events, a and b, are described by so-called probability amplitudes, alpha and beta.
对我来说更贴切的比喻是,如果一个小说的故事情节是基于一个小于1%概率的事件的话,人们会指责你的创意了,他们会说这太荒诞.事实上,生活恰恰会经常变的荒诞无常,科学也不能测量宇宙趋势来扔给你一个真正完美的弧线球.
The fact is, life is fairly often unrealistic. Science can't measure the tendency of the universe to throw you a genuine curveball.
概率论第一个基本原理中的一条是事件的独立性。
One of the first principles of probability is the idea of independence.
尽管这种几率非常非常小，但是不寻常事件发生的概率不会是零。
The risk is exceedingly small but the probability of something unusual happening is not zero.
正如波斯纳强调的，要精确估计高度偶发事件的实际发生概率是非常困难的，这次的漏油事件就是属于这类事件。
As Posner emphasizes, it is very difficult to estimate with any precision what is the actual probability of highly infrequent events, and such a leak would fall within this class.
如果投资者按照这些事件发生在爱丽斯身上的概率进行证券交易，他们多多少少会在同一价格水平交易。
If investors were trading securities based on the chances of those things happening only to Alice, they would all trade at more or less the same price.
这使他提出了这样的推论：事件的信息容量与事件发生逆概率的对数成正比。
This led him to calculate that the information content of any event was proportional to the logarithm of its inverse probability of occurrence.
所有的预测系统，从地震预测到癌症诊断，只要给定事件基础概率和预测准确率，都可以用这种方法分析相关的概率。
Any forecasting system, from quake prediction to cancer screening, can be analysed in the same way once the base-rate and accuracy figures are given.
你要造就你自己的命运，而不能让那些诸如“机会”这样的小概率事件左右你人生的方向。
You have to create the course of your own destiny and not let chance determine your direction.
目前看来，金融市场的“黑天鹅”或者说一些极端事件所发生的频率，比通常的概率模型所预测的要大得多。
It turns out that in financial markets "black swans", or extreme events, occur much more often than the usual probability models suggest.
然而令人感到惋惜的是，这实在是一件小概率事件；有许许多多其它的专题纪录片还需要票房来弥补拍摄的资金。
But, sadly, it is an all-too-rare event and there are only so many other feature documentaries that these successes can then subsidise.
每10 000个女性在她们70岁左右的时候，使用雌激素之后，有16个额外心脏病概率，19个意外死亡以及48个重大的不良事件。
For every 10, 000 women in their 70s, using estrogen would cause 16 extra heart attacks, 19 extra deaths and 48 serious adverse events.
之后就发生了一件能够影响国家命运的小概率事件。
There then occurred one of those chance minor events that sometimes decide the fate of nations.
之后就发生了一件能够影响国家命运的小概率事件。
There then occurred one of those chance minor events that sometimes decide the fate of nations.
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