这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。
These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.
人也可以习得无助。
根据这个假设，习得过程用第二语言创造句子，对吧？
According to this hypothesis, the acquisition processes create sentences in the second language, right?
你的态度不是与生俱来的；相反，它们都是后天习得的，从很多方面发生。
You weren't born with attitudes; rather they are all learned, and this happens in a number of ways.
其他研究人员抗议说，“选择退出”反应只是一种习得的或条件性的反应。
Other researchers protested that the opt-out response was simply a learned or conditioned response.
换句话说，它指的是任何后天获得或习得的东西，而不是天生或自然而得的。
In other words, it refers to anything that is acquired or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural.
要么天生如此，要么后天习得，总之传统叛逆者找到了困扰大多数人的认知捷径的替代方法。
Iconoclasts, either because they were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that plague most people.
虽然这些教育者的意图可能是好的，但他们对家庭的建议是错误的，这是源于对语言习得过程的误解。
Although these educators may have good intentions their advice to families is misguided, and it stems from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition.
有过这样的经历后，即使是在能够带来改变的情况下，动物也常常保持被动——这种状态被他们称为习得性无助。
After such an experience an animal often remains passive even when it can effect change—a state they called learned helplessness.
它不是一门学校的科目或学术学科，但它是可习得的；这是艺术家必须具备的品质，但它也存在于科学家和企业家的生活中。
It isn't a school subject or an academic discipline, but it can be learned; It is a quality that is required of artists, but it is also present in the lives of scientists and entrepreneurs.
有一项研究是用鸽子进行的：实验中，研究人员试图把MSR 归结为条件反射，也就是说，他们声称在镜子里认出自己的能力是可以习得的。
There was a study using pigeons, where researchers attempted to reduce MSR to a matter of conditioning, that is, they claimed that the ability to recognize oneself in a mirror could be learned.
第一个假设是习得和学习差异的假设。
The first hypothesis is the acquisition and learning distinction hypothesis.
在你看来，谈判技能可以通过传授习得吗？
研究人员通过实验发现，学生可以习得更积极的压力应对方式。
Researchers found through experiments that students could be taught to respond to stress in a more positive way.
更重要的是，语言习得的研究为了解人类如何学习提供了直接的视角。
What's more, the study of language acquisition offers direct insight into how humans learn.
在世界各地的不同国家，英语作为母语被习得；在其他地方，它被用作第二语言。
In different countries around the globe, English is acquired as the mother tongue; in others it is used as a second language.
皮亚杰认为，一旦青少年进入职场，他们会新习得构建假设的能力，这促使他们构想过于理想的图景。
Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.
大多数这些东西都是在灵长类动物漫长的发育过程中习得的，在这一过程中，它们会与同伴进行无数次的游戏体验。
Most of these things are learned in the long developmental periods that primates have, during which they engage in countless play experiences with their peers.
你同父母习得的情感范式也是如此。
The same is true of the emotional paradigm we learned with our parents.
这种习得性恐惧可以使我们免受危险。
研究人员使用相同的方法研究习得性恐惧。
The researchers used a common method for studying learned fear.
研究人员使用相同的方法研究习得性恐惧。
The researchers used a common method for studying learned fear.
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