第二，山中所使用的基因中，至少有一种被认为会诱发癌症，事实也很快证明，由诱导性万能干细胞发育而成的小鼠有极大概率罹患肿瘤。
Second, at least one of the genes Yamanaka used was known to trigger cancer, and indeed it soon became clear that mice grown from iPSCs frequently developed tumors.
两年后，两个团队分别独立创造出人体的诱导性万能干细胞(iPSCs)，一个是山中的团队，另一个是由詹姆斯·汤姆森带领的团队。
A year later, two groups-one led by Yamanaka, the other by James thomson-independently created iPSCs from human skin cells.
医药公司使用由万能干细胞生长而成的心脏细胞做心脏病药物的副作用测试，副作用是很多看起来很有希望的药物最终未能成功的一大原因。
Pharmaceutical companies are using heart cells grown from iPSCs to test drugs for cardiac side effects, a common reason that promising drugs fail.
医药公司使用由万能干细胞生长而成的心脏细胞做心脏病药物的副作用测试，副作用是很多看起来很有希望的药物最终未能成功的一大原因。
Pharmaceutical companies are using heart cells grown from iPSCs to test drugs for cardiac side effects, a common reason that promising drugs fail.
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