The Basel 2 accords took five years to negotiate.
巴塞尔2协议花费5年谈判。
The existing Basel 2 rules proved to be too lenient.
现有的巴塞尔准则二已被证明过于宽松。
The European Union has passed legislation to implement Basel 2 next year.
欧盟已经通过法案规定明年实施《新巴塞尔协议》。
Those worries have persuaded America to adopt Basel 2 later and more gradually.
出于这些担心，美国决定稍后以一种更为循序渐进的方式实施《新巴塞尔协议》。
Basel 2 positively encourages Banks to use instruments such as credit derivatives.
巴塞尔协议2确使鼓励银行使用象信用衍生工具等金融工具。
Under Basel 2 rules banks would then have to set aside more capital relative to their assets.
根据巴塞尔准则二，银行在这种情况下必须留出更多和资产相关的资本。
The Basel 2 rules count on "market discipline" to do some of the work of keeping Banks in line.
《新巴塞尔协议》指望依靠“市场约束”来承担部分监管工作。
Studies have shown that capital levels in America could drop drastically under the Basel 2 accord.
据研究表明美国资本级能够急剧下降到与巴塞尔协议规定的持平。
American regulators had broadly accepted Basel 2 back in 2004, when they signed up to its framework.
美国银行管理者早在2004年就已经接受并支持巴塞尔协议，当时他们参加了签约构建协议框架。
Basel 2 invites Banks to choose between two approaches when calculating credit risk and capital allocation.
在计算信用风险和配置资本问题上，《新巴塞尔协议》为银行提供了两种方法供他们选择。
The arrival of the Basel 2 accordon bank-capital requirements has forced banks to price their loansaccording to risk.
新巴尔塞协议出台，银行不得不按照贷款风险对其价格进行评估。
On average, the Banks thought that applying Basel 2 rules would allow them to decrease their regulatory capital by 15%.
各银行普遍认为执行《新巴塞尔协议》将能使它们减少15%的监管资本。
All other Banks will be regulated by Basel 1a, which contains a few elements of Basel 2, but retains the leverage ratio.
其它所有银行将受到巴塞尔1a协议监管。而1a协议包含了巴塞尔协议II的一点条款，但保留了杠杠比率。
The new Basel 2 banking regulations will force Banks to recognise liabilities that until now they have been able to hide.
新的巴塞尔2银行规则将迫使银行承认某些一直瞒而不报的债务。
Mainly as a result of the Basel 2 capital accords, many Banks had put in new systems to calculate their aggregate exposure.
新巴塞尔资本协定使得很多银行采用新系统计算总和暴露值。
It is hardly reassuring that the minimum capital that rescued banks are aiming for today is far above the minimum set by Basel 2.
更让人感到难以放心的是：现在能够拯救银行最低限度的资本远高于巴塞尔协议2所设定的标准。
That alarmed their regulators since Basel 2 was meant to reduce some Banks' capital cushions only marginally and increase others.
这倒提醒了其监管机构，因为巴塞尔协议II本打算边际地减少某些银行的作垫资本，而会造成其它的提升。
Smaller European Banks are annoyed because their American equivalents do not have to spend time and money complying with Basel 2 at all.
而小一些的欧洲银行烦恼的原因却是美国同行完全无需花费钱财和时间来顺从巴塞尔协议II。
Test runs on the possible effects of Basel 2 have suggested that some Banks, particularly American ones, could slash their capital by 31%.
就巴塞尔协议II可能的效果进行的运作测试显示某些银行，特别是美国的银行可以缩减其31%的资本。
The new rules, Basel 2, may be more sophisticated in their treatment of risk but they rely heavily on models developed by Banks themselves.
新规则巴塞尔二号或许在处理风险问题时更细致，但它们仰赖那些由银行自己建立的模型。
To allow more time to deal with these concerns, America plans to implement Basel 2 only from 2008, and with a three-year transition period.
为了能够有足够的时间解决上述问题，美国计划于2008年开始实施《新巴塞尔协议》，即其在此之前有3年的过渡期。
The FDIC agreed to ditch a proposal that would have forced regulators to modify Basel 2 if total bank-capital levels dropped by 10% or more.
联邦储蓄保险公司同意放弃先前的提议即：假使银行总资本值下降了百分之十或更多就可迫使管理者对巴塞尔协议进行修正。
Defenders of Basel 2 point out that the agencies are under the cosh now, but that their record in assessing the risk of default is pretty good.
巴塞尔协议2的捍卫者指出评级公司遭受批评，但是它们的评价违约风险的纪录是非常好的。
This faith in the new, technology-driven order was reflected in the Basel 2 bank-capital rules, which relied heavily on the Banks' internal models.
巴塞尔协议2的银行资本规所反映出的信念以新的技术为前导规范，这个协议严重依赖银行的内部模型。
This faith (in the new, technology-driven order) was reflected in the Basel 2 bank-capital rules, which relied heavily on the Banks' internal models.
巴塞尔协议2的银行资本规则反映了这种信念在新的以技术为前导的规范，这个协议严重依赖银行的内部模型。
The total amount of capital held by European insurers would not change much (an uncomfortable echo of the intended neutral impact of the Basel 2 regime).
欧洲保险公司应持有的资金总量没有太多变化(巴塞尔2号规则产生了预期中的中性影响是不合时宜的反馈)。
"Basel 2 is not perfect, but it is a lot better than what went before," says John Tattersall, a partner at PricewaterhouseCoopers, an accounting firm.
普华会计师事务所的JohnTattersall说，“巴塞尔协议2不完美。但是它比上一版好多了。”
But they should console themselves that they have flexibility under Basel 2 to reward or punish risk-management performance, as do the rating agencies.
但这下让监管机构感到宽心的是在巴塞尔协议II下，如同评级机构那样，他们具有了奖赏或者惩罚风险管理表现的灵活度。
Bigger Banks with more sophisticated risk-modelling and risk-management systems can opt for what Basel 2 calls the "internal ratings-based approach", or IRB.
而风险模型和风险管理系统较为复杂的大银行则可以选择协议规定的“内部评级法”，或者简称为“IRB”。
No American bank will be allowed to use Basel 2 as a reason for reducing its risk capital by a total of more than 5% before 2009, 10% by 2010 and 15% by 2011.
2009年之前，任何美国银行不得以新巴塞尔协议为由降低超过5%的风险资本。2010年和2011年，这一比例分别为不得超过10%和15%。
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