The ultra-thin and lightweight design of the juice pack also complements the smartphone's zero-gap unibody design, delivering full protection and power in a sleek profile.

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"We developed these carbon zero homes from the design and development stage through to people living in them, " said Professor Mark Gillott, of the University's School of Architecture and Built Environment.

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Wu saw little reason to start from zero: Goldwind licensed a design from Jacobs Energie, a German company.

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The shipping company Wallenius Wilhelmsen had more stringent targets in mind when it produced its design for a zero emissions car ferry for the year 2025.

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For example, of the four towers slated for New York's Ground Zero, three have specified WSP as its design company.

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Sierra Wireless's first stab at a Windows Mobile-powered smartphone, the Voq Professional Phone, was pretty much doomed from the start the design was awful, Sierra had zero experience in marketing handsets, and they were never able to convince a single wireless carrier to offer the phone to its subscribers (which for better or for worse is how most phones get sold in the US).

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It was only when the design was able to pass strict enterprise-grade Zero Error standard of 400 units surviving 500 hours of the toughest continuous testing without a single error or failure that the drive was manufactured.

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The grounding of the 787 fleet illustrates not the flaws in Boeing's industrial culture -- a rush to bring the airliner to market, a degree of over-innovation or a desire to please shareholders by outsourcing too much design and production -- but the rigor of a regulatory regime with a zero tolerance of any mote of imperfection.

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He explained that the One's design was inspired by high-end watches, and it turns out that the zero-gap machining process was developed in-house specifically for this device.

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