In the first two studies, more than 350 men and women viewed images or listened to conversations that featured romantic, friendship or intellectual goals.
She said action should be taken to improve women's self-image, and suggested images in women's magazines should not be looked on as normal.
"A lot of women are scared of aging so I wanted to present images of women who feel better as they age, " the 30-year-old photojournalist said.
In one study, women's images were digitally altered to give them short, long, and medium-length hair.
In many places of worship, both men and women kneel to images of a mother with a child.
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Could you imagine that Oxygen Media, known for violent programming targeting young women with stereotypical images, would consider the embarrassment that these children will experience, being used as entertainment?
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An Oklahoma law requiring women seeking abortions to undergo ultrasound exams and doctors to show and describe the images to the women has also been struck down: opponents argued it was unconstitutional because it applied only to abortions and not to other procedures.
Although consistent with conventional wisdom, the way that men may depersonalize sexual images of women is not entirely something they control.
CNN: Men see bikini-clad women as objects, psychologists say
They are many images of women 30 feet in sky above the city on giant placards, directing the populace to buy things.
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It deleted images of women from the Saudi version of its catalogue.
Expect to associate the name with a theme song, a slogan, and--in all likelihood--images of women or children running happily through flowering spring meadows.
To make things easier, let's remove several million degrading images of women that can give a boy the wrong ideas about the value of other people.
On the other hand, the MRI images of women with normal libido showed activity in the entorhinal cortex, an area of the brain where positive emotions are registered.
New research shows that, in men, the brain areas associated with handling tools and the intention to perform actions light up when viewing images of women in bikinis.
CNN: Men see bikini-clad women as objects, psychologists say
Dr. Leah Millheiser, director of the Female Sexual Medicine Program at the Stanford University School of Medicine, has been conducting studies looking at the MRI images of women with extremely low libido.
The connection has added relevance in the current election cycle, especially when female representation in American politics is at its lowest since 1970, said media critic Jean Kilbourne, who first began examining images of women in media in the 1960s.
But I think, for African-American women, because our positive images are so few and far between on mainstream television, I think it sort of hurts us a lot more.
For sure, reducing the number of images that portray women as very thin is beneficial, says Claire Mysko, director of Proud2BeMe, a website created with the National Eating Disorders Association (Neda) to promote healthy body image.
"Parlourmaid Preparing a Bath before Dinner" (c. 1937) and "Parlourmaid and Under-Parlourmaid Ready to Serve Dinner" (1934) are two of his best-known images, the women in their white aprons and potlike caps, uniforms seen nowadays only in period television series.
This study looked specifically at men, and did not test women's responses to similar images.
CNN: Men see bikini-clad women as objects, psychologists say
Images of scantily clad women dancing around poles were plastered on a wall just inside the club's entrance.
Women are clearly present in corresponding images in the firm's English-language catalogue.
In addition to their letter to the social network, the groups also called on advertisers to boycott the site, noting that their advertising appeared alongside user-created pages showing images of violence towards women that were "shared, boasted and joked about".
That may be true, but I doubt a reasonably intelligent, not to mention high profile, woman like Huma Abedin would encourage her husband to share sexual images and thoughts with women who were complete strangers, and who may not necessarily be trusted not to run to the press as most of them eventually did.
They will also debate how to combat stereotypes and negative images of Muslims and Muslim women in the media - especially after the 11 September attacks and the exposure of life for Afghan women under Taleban rule.
If you're a young women or a middle-aged man, images are then flashed up that will appeal to you.
Spartans might conjure up images of Greek soldiers, but women represented 40% of participants last year up from 10% in 2010.
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"We're turning Atari images into really chic prints for women on things like cardigans with Swarovski crystals on top, " he said.
The campaign sparked a huge discussion about negative pressure from the fashion industry and the media, which were blamed for promoting unhealthy images of impossibly beautiful but anorexic women.
When you turn on the TV in Sudan, you're bombarded with adverts for weight-loss products, with images of svelte Lebanese and Egyptian women flashing across the screen, and this undoubtedly has an effect, says Bedri.
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