Using MRI brain scans, researchers found that the area of the brain called the amygdala was, on average, 13 percent larger in young children with autism, compared with control group of children without autism.
Students were tested before and after the lessons with a control group learning with traditional resources only.
Dr Roi Cohen Kadosh, study author from the department of experimental psychology at the University of Oxford, said the noise stimulation group showed improvements in cognitive and brain functions compared with the control group.
He figured that smallish trials with no control group too often yield ambiguous data.
The drug did seem to help non-small-cell lung cancer patients live slightly longer compared with a control group.
Both projects were rigorous randomized trials, comparing kids who got pre-K benefits with a control group that didn't.
The participants meditating also showed improved mental and cognitive functioning and lower levels of depression compared with the control group.
Instead, Dr Miller studied 32 depressed women who were not in hospital, and matched them with a control group of healthy women.
It compared the 1, 100 clients who had taken out an auto lease in the past with a control group of 14, 000 other members.
Conducted under the auspices of the World Health Organization, it interviewed more than 5, 000 people afflicted with glioma or meningioma brain tumors, along with a control group, from 13 countries.
In stark contrast to ImClone, which rashly tested Erbitux in only 120 patients with no control group, AstraZeneca enrolled 2, 000 patients in late-stage trials to compare how long patients survive on a combination of chemotherapy and Iressa versus chemo and a placebo.
Neither company will comment on its work, but Pfizer recently published an animal study showing that a leukotriene blocker called CP-105, 696 shrank artery plaques dramatically in mice that were fed the compound for 35 days, as compared with a control group that didn't get the compound.
For example, ImClone Systems (nasdaq: IMCL - news - people ) and marketing partner Bristol-Myers Squibb (nyse: BMY - news - people ) tried to get their colon cancer drug Erbitux approved last year on the basis of one small trial of 120 patients with no control group.
Ketter and his colleagues compared a healthy control group with bipolar patients, depression patients, and a control group of graduate students in writing and the arts.
Nielsen, for example, measures consumers who saw an ad on Facebook and compares them with a similar control group of Facebook users who didn't see the ad.
Though faecal transplantation for C. difficile has still to undergo a formal clinical trial, with a proper control group, it looks a promising (and cheap) answer to a serious threat.
Among the meditation group, there were 20 such occurrences, compared with 32 in the control group.
The researchers compared a group of 105 women who had all suffered recurrent spontaneous miscarriages with a carefully matched control group of 91 postmenopausal women who had never had a miscarriage and who had given birth at least twice.
The dozen men in the control group with no regrafting showed no return to potency.
They also included a control group with no manipulation of mindset.
Instead, Dr Peretz ran a test in which she compared her subject's emotional reactions to music with those of a control group of women whose temporal lobes were intact.
The participants were told that they were either admired by others, they commanded a lot of power, or they were in a control group with no information about their roles.
FORBES: The Best Leaders Care About Their Status More Than Their Power
Even so, the students given the marked chips ate 20 and 24 chips on average (for the seven-chip and 14-chip tubes, respectively), compared with 45 chips in the control group.
In that study, the students whose tubes had markers after every 5 chips ate 14 chips, and those given tubes with markers every 10 chips ate 16 chips compared with 35 chips in the control group.
In one Baylor study of 66 potent men who had one nerve severed and regrafted, the estimated potency rate after two years was 86%, compared with 39% for a control group who had no sural nerve graft.
Last week, two studies from Sweden found that one hour a week of hypnotherapy for 12 weeks eased symptoms of irritable-bowel syndrome in 40% of patients (compared with 12% in a control group) and that the positive effects can last as long as seven years.
The study, started in the 1970s in Matlab, compared a group with access to contraception and birth-control education to a similar group that did not have access to those things.
Holders Shakhtar Donetsk took control of Group J with a resounding 4-1 victory over an outclassed Partizan Belgrade at the Olympyiskyi Stadium.
In 1973 he was involved in a bitter struggle for control of the group with Robert Edgeworth, resulting in both declaring victory and delivering acceptance speeches.
We found that, compared with 32 normal people in a control group, psychopaths had an 18% smaller amygdala, which is critical for emotions like fear and is part of the neural circuitry underlying moral decision-making.
应用推荐