The project included a widening of the river-facing promenade and a streamlining of the East Zhongshan thoroughfare.

BBC: The regeneration of Shanghai��s Bund

David Hardcastle, project manager of the report, told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that motorway widening alone had historically encouraged more congestion.

BBC: Tolls 'would curb M25 traffic jams'

And those widening gaps, those widening salary differentials, continue to widen because again once you internalise the notion of the higher education project being about private return for private investment then obviously individual members of the faculty begin thinking to themselves and understanding their mission in private rather than public ways.

BBC: NEWS | UK | Education | Higher education 'market' warning