Settling pond: man-made depression created to receive water and sand mixture directly from a dredging operation.
The ingredients used in hydraulic fracturing include a small dose of chemicals (0.5%) mixed with water and sand (99.5%).
This year he completed what is believed to be the first ever fracture stimulation procedure in Turkey: injecting a mixture of water and sand at high pressure down the wells to break up rock and release gas.
Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of fluid consisting of approximately 99.5% water and sand (the rest consists of common industrial or even household chemicals or materials) through wells constructed with protective casing and cement, into producing shale formations.
FORBES: Why Anti-Fracking Groups Are Shifting Their Story From Water To Air Quality
Hydraulic fracturing pumps many thousands of gallons of mainly water and sand, with a few chemicals, at high pressure into tight gas-bearing shale deposits (hardened muds), creating cracks that allow gas to flow back up the well to the surface ( Shale Shock).
In places like the Philippine island of Boracay, the transformation is well under way, so I head first to Bacuit Bay, to check out a diminishing rarity: a self-proclaimed tropical paradise that contains no go-kart tracks or daiquiri stands or much of anything but wild animals, water and sand.
Rather, as a consequence of injecting water and sand into the shale formation to crack the rocks so gas and oil will flow, massive amounts of waste water comes back to the surface with significant amounts of contaminants as a result of leaching out salt, heavy metals and trace amounts of radioactive materials from the rock formation itself.
"We could have perhaps helped to divert the water and put in sand bags to protect the cricket square and the drainage channels we have dug over the years on the rugby pitches, " he said.
Mr. JOSEPH MAHSOUD (Jieh Resort Owner): (Through Translator) The fuel is all over the water and the beach and the sand.
Fracking involves injecting water, sand and some chemicals deep into the earth to crack shale rock, which frees oil and gas.
At the northern end of Whitehaven Beach, Hill Inlet is a spectacular, swirling melange of clear water and dazzling white sand.
In fracking, a mixture of water, sand and some chemicals is pumped into a well under high pressure to force the gas from the rock.
About 25, 000 wells a year are being fracked, a process in which water, chemicals and sand are injected at high pressure underground to release trapped natural gas.
They had been protesting at a site in Hesketh Bank operated by energy firm Cuadrilla which was given a licence in 2008 to extract gas by pumping water, sand and chemicals into shale rock at pressure.
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There are widespread concerns around the use and disposal of fracking fluids, which are proprietary mixtures of water, sand, and chemical lubricants.
Shale gas is natural gas that is trapped inside shale rock and is extracted by using a technology called hydraulic fracturing, where highly pressurized water mixed with sand and chemicals is used to crack open rocks.
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With oil prices rising and offshore production looking unattractive, we turn our attention to the great frozen north where water is sparse and oil sand abounds.
Oil sands are naturally occurring geologic formations that contain a mixture of water, sand, and bitumen.
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Fracking pushes water, chemicals, and sand into the well to expose the gasses trapped in the shale.
There are subtle effects in the environment, like shadows from a fire, ripples in water and disappearing footprints in sand.
Specially formulated lubricants are used in fracking, which involves pumping water, fine sand and fracking fluids underground to split open oil- and gas-bearing rocks.
The sailors, stooped with hunger, curly haired from scurvy, rowed ashore, dragged themselves through shallow water and on up the sand where they entered the shade of the trees.
On reaching the shale, the mixture of water and fracking fluid bursts open the rock and the sand keeps the fractures open, allowing the gas to flow to the surface.
The process involves extracting gas from rocks by pumping in sand, water and chemicals.
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Fracking involves drilling horizontally into the rock, forcing sand and water underground to cause tiny fractures that release gas from the shale.
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Fracking uses high-pressure mixtures of water, sand or gravel and chemicals to crack rock formations and release oil and natural gas deep underground.
About 10, 000 gallons goes down a well--less than 1% of the 1 million gallons of water and 1 million pounds of sand used.
It extracts oil from the ground using a method called fracking - pumping down a mixture of sand, water and chemicals at high pressure.
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, pumps millions of gallons of water mixed with fine sand and chemicals deep into oil and gas wells to crack gas-bearing rock.
During fracking, large volumes of water, along with sand and hazardous chemicals, are injected into the ground to break rock apart and free the oil and gas.
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