Dr Conway-Morris has arrived at this view from a detailed study of what is known as convergent evolution.

ECONOMIST: Evolution

The study was done from a U.S. dollar view, but the council said its findings are applicable to other foreign investments where higher borrowing costs make traditional currency hedging expensive.

FORBES: INTERVIEW: WGC: Gold Overlay Works As Currency Hedge In EM Currencies

This morning, Pfizer released the top-line data from its study of tofacitinib, the experimental arthritis drug most Wall Street analysts view as its most important experimental drug.

FORBES: Key Questions Unanswered On Pfizer Drug

Levitt, who understands his career as the study of incentives, accepts that economists, and especially he, view certain issues from a cold, almost withdrawn point which other people could consider immoral or inhumane.

FORBES: Freakonomics Author On Healthcare, Debt, And Prostitutes

The figures favour that view: one German study involving 1, 600 men found that the rate of repeat offences dropped from 84% to 3% after castration.

ECONOMIST: Manhood for the chop