As economic actors, men possess different data and make different value judgments reflected in pricing so the mere act of gifting may have immeasurable value to one and not to another.
Speaking before the two-day G7 gathering started with a formal dinner on Friday night, Japanese Finance Minister Koji Omi said the yen's current low value simply reflected the country's ongoing economic recovery.
"We made a strong bid that reflected the value of the rights to our business, and we thank the Premier League for the chance to participate, " said an ESPN spokesman.
Just a year later, TCI created a Liberty stock once again, this time via a "tracking" stock that reflected the value of Liberty assets but was not a direct ownership claim on them.
Using US data, we find that adopting say-on-pay, a regular non-binding shareholder vote on executive compensation (similar to issue 1 in the Swiss referendum, although it will be a binding vote in Switzerland) and removing staggered boards (similar to issue) along with other corporate governance improvements unambiguously improves firm value on average, as reflected by the stock market.
This was no short-lived effect since it was reflected in the market-to- book-value of the firm years after being adopted, and it was also reflected in an improvement in firm operating performance (especially for say-on-pay).
The fact that early bonds had no fixed maturity date ensured that any change in interest rate was fully reflected in the capital value of the bond.
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Accounting rules mean that once its share of AngloGold Ashanti falls below 50%, the value of that holding can be reflected in its books at market price, as an investment.
As it happens, most of the variation in the price of oil over the past 40 years has reflected changes in the value of the dollar (the denominator) rather than the value of oil (the numerator).
Fringey media sources existed, but their low quality was reflected by their low production value and low circulation.
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In theory, however, the undoubted value of these natural treasures should be reflected in their price, which should rise steeply as they become more scarce.
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In the short term, the stock market behaves like a voting machine, but in the long term it acts like a weighing machine (i.e. its true value will in the long run be reflected in its stock price).
The key to value, therefore, lies in yield as reflected by the dividend trend.
All this is reflected in the premium over book value before adjusting for goodwill on the balance sheet.
Nevertheless, the Gelede community shows great awareness of the value of their intangible heritage, which is reflected in the efforts put into the preparation work and in the growing number of participants.
But if the system in general were providing value for money, America's vast expenditure would at least be reflected in a healthier population than in more frugal countries.
The purchase price reflected Mr. Erbey's documented cost basis in the property and was within the market value range provided by an independent third-party appraiser.
Stocks lost 2.2% of their value and despite the inconclusive state of our national debt and inability to create enough new jobs, investors reflected their confidence in the soundness of the U.S. government by driving down the 10 year bond yield from 3.06% to 2.95%.
Mr Colman's office said it believed that this reflected the impact of earlier initiatives in "eliminating many of the long running, and hence high value frauds".
While attributes related to products (quality and value, for example) are important, this year, survey respondents put far more weight on attributes that reflected how well each company aligned with their own personal interests.
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