Supply-chain or contract agriculture, by which farmers supply specific outlets or companies under strict growing and marketing arrangements, has become widespread: in 1997, two-thirds of all such contracts involved small farmers, but they accounted for only 27% of the total value of production.
This is the Index of Manufacturing and it charts the value of industrial production, inflation adjusted, over the years.
You can drag the trend line in the chart above to make estimates of how the value of this production could impact Chesapeake.
This time the agreement even provides a number: spending on direct payments will be limited to 5% of the value of agricultural production.
Cotton growers have also shown an astounding ability to coax value out of cotton production by throwing nothing away and finding somebody, anybody, to eat it or buy it.
In a debate over the weekend between the Liberal party, PQ, Coalition Avenir Quebec and Quebec Solidaire, Marois said she would impose a minimum 5% royalty rate on the gross value of all mining production.
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Cheekily, perhaps, in view of its own farm bill, Washington has proposed the eventual abolition of all agricultural export subsidies and a limit on domestic farm subsidies of 5% of the value of total domestic production.
At the other end of the production chain, the value of retail sales slipped by 0.2% in October, after a fall of 0.8% the month before.
Digging below the surface of GDP reveals a structure of value-adding production far more complex than the simplistic analysis given by most media reports.
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Aside from enriching big farmers, the main impact of the subsidies is to encourage over-production and inflate the value of land suitable for program crops.
Kotick rattled off various factors he says make the "Call of Duty" franchise stand out from competitors -- "production value, the level of polish, " that "no detail gets left unaltered, " he said.
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In our new wiki world, the primary means for creating economic value has morphed from the means of production to the means of collaboration.
In particular, European power generators factored the secondary market value of their allowance grants into their production costs--leading to significant increases in European power prices and profits.
"We're moving toward higher value production than our basic line of business, " says Binder.
For those who take OPEC's optimistic view of Iraqi production at face value, the cartel's move should not have come as a surprise.
The refining and transportation operations have larger revenues but contribute a significantly lower amount to our total estimate value for Chevron given that the profitability of production operations is higher.
Despite having an equal stake in the project, and other assets than Galore Creek, shares of NovaGold fell so dramatically because, Lostritto said, none of its assets have reached commercial production, thus leaving investors to value its share price on the basis of projected cash flow.
These formulas look at the organization as the sole beneficiary of the value created that may be doled out later to the participants in the production process of the good (all the people and resources that contribute to the Marginal cost).
Its operations stretch across all links in the natural gas value chain, with the exceptions of exploration and production.
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The term "Gross" means, that the value added includes the value of fixed capital consumed in the process of production.
Their official data on exports show that low value added production accounts for a declining share of total exports, falling to below 50 percent since 2008.
Indeed, one of the perverse charms of a VAT is that the levy is imposed at every stage of production and only upon the value added at that stage.
The current phase of production at the Ekati Diamond Mine includes ore sourced primarily from the lower grade, but high carat value, Fox open pit supplemented by underground production from the lower portion of the Koala kimberlite pipe and from the Koala North pipe.
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Gross (or net) operating surplus of the economy is the part of value added which remains with producers after deducting outlays related to the remuneration of employees and taxes on production.
By the early 2000s EU subsidies to olive oil production amounted to twice the total value of olive oil trade in the world.
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In a free society, which implies a free market, businesses survive only by providing services of greater value than the resources they use in production.
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What this shows is that structural features of the military marketplace reduce the value of competition as technology programs progress from development to production to fielding.
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Typically, companies in this industry manage complex and interrelated decisions that span the entire value chain, ranging from the procurement of feedstocks to production, marketing, logistics and distribution.
But the key to economic growth is not just the low cost of production, it's the value added--the innovation, design or better architecture, or the sheer intangible of exciting fashion.
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