He wanted to force his customers to overpay for the uniqueness of his products and the closed loop he constructed to use them.

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Traders use multiple markets at once and create a feedback loop.

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But in the new world of deals, local merchants have a branded medium within which they can deliver the right offer, at the right time, to the right audience, time and time again and use techniques such as re-marketing to close the loop.

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Every new iPod touch comes with a color-matched iPod touch loop, a clever and convenient wrist strap you can use while taking photos, recording video and playing games.

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It is also a force in digital loop carriers, which convert multiple voice calls into a single digital signal and can use either copper or fiber-optic cables.

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In my test, where I use full brightness, disable power-saving software, leave on the Wi-Fi, and play a loop of music, the battery on the XPS 13 lasted just under four hours, the worst I've seen on an ultrabook.

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