Cities like Sao Paulo are designed for an industrial age while the urban economy has become 85% related to services.
But the urban economy relies on migrant labour, and some cities have been much more adroit than Beijing in providing schools.
One key element is economic the active articulation between the advanced economic sectors and backward-looking sectors, i.e. sectors that seem like an anachronism in an advanced urban economy.
Italy had accomplished an economic miracle in the nineteen-fifties and sixties, shifting from a rural to an urban and industrialized economy.
Key themes of SD in the region include among other things poverty alleviation, citizenship, peace, ethics, responsibility in local and global contexts, democracy and governance, justice, security, human rights, health, gender equity, cultural diversity, rural and urban development, economy, production and consumption patterns, corporate social responsibility, environmental protection, climate change, prevention and adaptation, natural resource management, biological and landscape diversity.
Alcohol became central to American politics at a time when Americans were arguing whether the country should be rural or urban, a farm economy or industrial, and whether Catholics could ever become good Americans.
It's also a larger story about the vitality of the economy in our urban areas.
Similar problems are creeping into other urban areas as the vibrant economy outpaces the Indian government's belated infrastructure buildout.
Their connections with urban and suburban communities are critical to our economy and to the nourishment of our people.
Coupled with its enormous cultural appeal, resurgence in the more traditional economy could spark the most remarkable urban comeback story of the new century.
An entrepreneurial market economy became a defining feature of Greek urban life.
Now, a slowing economy, corruption, rural anger and urban freedoms all mean that the party is under pressure to enforce the rule of law especially in order to curtail the impunity of local officials.
The leaders agreed to derive policies to enable the people of urban, provincial and rural communities in every APEC economy to have individual or community-based access to information and services offered via the Internet by 2010.
CNN: Asean, APEC move to boost e-commerce and bridge Asia's digital divide
As more people opt for a denser more walkable urban experience, these will become relics of a different economy.
FORBES: Parking Lots Are a Waste of Space and a Drag on Growth
Whitehall responded positively to an expensive chunk of research, the Manchester Independent Economic Review, which presents the case for exploiting potential in the area's closely knit urban sprawl as a way of boosting the entire British economy.
He understands that urban and metropolitan areas are the engines of our national and global economy, and will be the foundation of a more sustainable future.
As Mr West's urban maths suggests, London's contribution to the country's economy has grown faster than its population.
Its rule in the countryside is much diminished since the abandonment of collectives, and its urban control is suffering as the state is forced out of the industrial economy.
This indicates that the factors that restrain dynamism in non-oil segments of the Angolan economy, also act as constraints on the very survival of the urban poor.
The November election and its subsequent massive expansion of federal power may have determined which regions win the post-bust economy, but the stakes in November are particularly acute for some prime beneficiaries of what could be called the Obama economy: the education lobby, Silicon Valley venture firms, Wall Street, urban land interests and the public sector.
FORBES: Where's Next: November May Determine Regional Winners
The aircraftmakers' confidence about the emerging world is based on what appears to be an iron law of aviation: rising numbers of urban middle-class people will mean rising demand for air travel, whatever short-term blips the economy suffers.
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