It usually reflects the union wage and makes it more difficult for non-union contractors to compete for government contracts.
The Argentine government has announced a two-month price freeze on supermarket products and is reportedly trying to limit union wage increases to no more than 20 percent.
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Ed Rendell, the city's Democratic mayor since 1992, wins plaudits from the business community for his energy, his ideas and his determination (early on he faced down union wage demands and contracted out city services in 59 different areas).
No doubt this is true, but the report would have benefited from a mention of the opposite problem in the U.S.: the existence of so-called Davis-Bacon requirements for most public works, which set the prevailing union wage scale no matter what the competitive market pay for quality work would be.
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It is only through wage freezes and inflation that a union driven wage structure can be eroded and replaced with a merit based structure.
The union wants wage increases tied to the Consumer Price Index, a federal government measure of inflation.
American automakers have cut costs by outsourcing high-wage union jobs to parts suppliers as unionized workers retire.
They left Metrovias to negotiate with the union over its wage claim.
The Transport Workers Union Local 100 wants wage increases pegged to inflation, the first specific salary demands made in negotiations between the transit union and the MTA, according to people close to the negotiations.
The five-year deal included some serious concessions from the union, including a wage-freeze and higher healthcare premiums for all members.
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We have an abundance of laws on discrimination, hiring, union rules, minimum wage laws, and now health care which penalize and put a real and potential cost on every new hire.
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More to the point, if the employers are able to negotiate to hire more workers at a lower salary that will be more expansionary than if union contracts, minimum wage laws or social convention leads them to hire fewer workers at higher salaries.
Mr Jones said it was too early to consider raising the rate of the National Minimum Wage, despite union anger at reports that it is to be frozen until next year.
Workers lucky enough to belong to a big-company union that negotiated its annual wage contracts along with those of workers for other big firms in the same industry tended to do better than average.
So many things we take for granted came about because of the union movement -- minimum wage, 40-hour workweek, child labor laws -- you name it -- weekends -- a lot of these things came about because people were fighting for them.
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JAL, which has to deal with nine internal unions, has only just persuaded its biggest union to agree to a larger wage-cutting deal.
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Some 2, 500 teachers could be forced out of their classrooms unless their union agrees to a 2% wage increase instead of a promised 4%.
Delphi Chief Executive Officer Steve Miller has both GM and the UAW over a barrel, after putting Delphi into bankruptcy last October and demanding a 60% wage cut from the union.
She cannot refuse to invest in a company that does not pay the Living Wage, or have union agreements, or offshore tax haven subsidiaries, but is only allowed to apply the savings to creating the largest cash return possible.
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The assignment: Protest a construction firm that the union says is paying below the prevailing wage to workers renovating the bank.
An economy is stimulated by spending, just as much by dollars from the wage-negotiated salaries of union labour as the investment accounts of bankers.
Last week, Lufthansa rejected union demands for a 5.2% wage increase over the next 12 months.
The rebuttal from Hunter and his legal team suggested he would wage a legal battle with the union over that sum.
The metalworkers' union, which kicks off Germany's annual wage negotiations, generally sets the tone for other trade unions' claims.
Union spokesman Samir Ray said they wanted the daily wage rate in Bengal to be doubled and other perks paid.
Nobody could mistake the party of the free market and deregulation with the party of compulsory union recognition, the social chapter and the minimum wage.
"We have already informed the union that we will be introducing the London Living Wage for all of our staff supporting Transport for London at the end of March, " he said.
The company had offered the unions a 25% stake in the reorganized Hostess if they would agree to significant wage and pension concessions but the Bakers Union members overwhelmingly rejected the proposal.
The pilots' union has already agreed with Northwest on a 15% wage cut.
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