Alexandria Carr, a former UK Treasury lawyer now at law firm Mayer Brown, said those 11 countries moving ahead under so-called "enhanced co-operation" are legally bound to respect the rights of member states that do not participate.
And in this instance, the culprit (if that is the right word) is the permission that was given under so-called Basel ll to the biggest banks to use their own internal risk models to determine the riskiness of categories of loans and - by implication - the amount of capital they need to hold as a protection against the souring of those loans.
One popular project under the so-called Clean Development Mechanism program is the destruction of hydrofluorocarbon gases.
The publicly traded firm is the latest recipient of state aid under the so-called First Five program.
Under the so-called "Salisbury Convention", peers do not vote against commitments set out in a winning party's manifesto.
Google has created the Silicon Valley equivalent of a velvet rope under its so-called Google Glass Explorers program.
But the administration still has authority to complete talks it began under the so-called Uruguay Round of global trade talks.
Such cases traditionally have been dismissed under the so-called business judgment rule, which prevents judicial second-guessing of normal business decisions.
At night nerdcore DJs and bands play under the so-called prime dome, but many campers instead retreat to tents to brainstorm in peace.
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After hearing argument from both sides, the magistrate ruled that Mr Pistorius should indeed face a charge under the so-called "Schedule 6", or premeditated murder.
Under this so-called "fair funding formula", individual schools get individual allocations.
The 10, 000-pound sculpture will stand in front of the arena's main entrance under the so-called oculus, a circular opening in a roof that juts over the plaza.
Under the so-called Family Intervention Projects, they will be given intensive 24-hour supervision to make sure children attend school, go to bed on time and eat proper meals.
Microsoft, he says, makes a large amount of source code available under a so-called shared-source licence, which grants users downstream a limited set of rights to modify and use the code.
The United States has been obliged by Congress for years under the so-called "seven-ten" ratio to provide seven dollars in military assistance to Greece as the price for giving every ten dollars in urgently needed aid to Turkey.
Under the so-called "dormant Commerce Clause" doctrine (dormant because it isn't actually written anywhere) the Supreme Court has interpreted the Commerce Clause in the Constitution, which gives Congress the sole right to regulate interstate commerce, as a mandate to strike down state laws that interfere with same.
Under the so-called 5-3-3-2 rule, applied by both the finance ministry and the health ministry, half the pension-fund investments had to be in assets (such as bonds) where return of the principal was guaranteed, not more than 30% in domestic equities, 30% in foreign securities and 20% in property.
Keep in mind, though, that capital gains on such funds face tax rates of up to 28% under rules for so-called collectibles.
PIIGS, which in addition to the aforementioned nations include Italy and Portugal, have been under pressure from so-called bond vigilantes, as they have seen their bond spreads continue to widen from the benchmark German bund.
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Under the government's so-called "size criteria", families on housing benefit will be assessed for the number of bedrooms they actually need.
And this has been happening under the Mubarak's so-called moderate regime, an ally of the West, and it's now happening now.
He went on to become a key player on the Livingstone-led Greater London Council during the 1980s when it came under heavy tabloid attack for so-called loony leftism.
Under New York's so-called "Son of Sam" law, which limits the ability of convicted criminals to profit from accounts of their crimes, Gravano could not keep any money he was paid.
Barak said he would not rule out the possibility that he would join a so-called unity government under Sharon to avert political fighting that is now likely in the Israeli parliament, or Knesset.
So a firm called AgeCheck, under the guise of certifying that the consumer is an adult, sells a subscription that covers dozens of them.
Under the review's proposals, so-called "ambulance-chasing" claims firms - who have been accused of making huge profits through hidden costs - would not be brought under the new regulator.
One of the most controversial of these is the so-called golden coffin, under which the heirs of a chief executive can collect severance-style death benefits, such as unvested share options, if the boss suddenly dies.
These so-called quantitative traits are under the control of a number of different genes acting in concert as opposed to qualitative traits such as human eye colour, where a difference in a single gene produces a single, sharp distinction.
In most cases--including John Hancock--here's what the R class means: The firm each year will take 50 basis points---one-half of 1%--in expenses off the assets under management in the form of a so-called 12b(1) charge, authorized for marketing expenses.
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