This type of passive safety system may sound simple.

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Even some drug executives have backed doing more studies of the type done by FDA safety expert David Graham, who was one of those to warn about Vioxx.

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The plane's grounding on Jan. 16, an enormous black eye for Boeing, marked the first time since 1979 that FAA had ordered every plane of a particular type to stay out of the air for safety reasons.

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The public safety community believes that the block of spectrum it had been allocated is not enough to enable the type of interoperable data, video, and future voice services needed to ensure that all public safety organizations including federal, state, and local agencies could communicate during incidents.

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Lt Tony Spada of Fish and Wildlife told the Fresno Bee this type of incident was "very rare" because of the safety measures required by the state and because regulations require minimal human-animal interaction.

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But where the boundaries between danger, potential damage and safety lie, and how they vary with the type and number of ash particles, was not taken into account in the decisions to close airspace.

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Only recently has the first physical dummy for side-impact crashes--the most dangerous type of crash--been approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

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"It is our responsibility to protect player safety and the integrity of our game, and this type of conduct will not be tolerated, " Goodell said.

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There are a number of factors that must be considered during emergency planning, such as the projected impact of each type of emergency on the infrastructure of the impacted area, the safety of people and property and the coordination of emergency personnel.

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