At the same time, a huge wave of forced migration went in the other direction: Muslims from the city and its environs were being shipped away to Turkey, under a Greek-Turkish (or more precisely Christian-Muslim) exchange which made both countries ethnically much more homogeneous.
ANKARA, Turkey (CNN) -- Turkish military and government officials denied Saturday sending a large force of Turkish troops into northern Iraq.
Istanbul, Turkey (CNN) -- Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan hailed the passage of a wide-ranging package of constitutional amendments as a "milestone for democracy" after voters approved the measures in a Sunday referendum.
And the second, are you committed to back and support your letter on why Turkey -- because on the record, again, Turkish official today stated if this happens again Turkey is going to take steps to respond to that.
Turkey gave up all claims to non-Turkish territories lost in the First World War.
Four years ago, columnist Burak Bekdil wrote a satirical essay, published in the English-language Turkish Daily News, slamming Turkey's judicial system.
ANKARA, Turkey (CNN) -- U.S. and Turkish officials are discussing the possibility of setting up a "coordination" center near the Iraqi border, a Turkish official told CNN Monday.
The irony of this outburst was not lost on the Iraqi Kurds, who were long shunned by Turkey because their experiment with self-rule seemed a threat to Turkish unity.
Eight are formally blocked because Turkey has not kept an agreement to open its ports and airports to traffic from Cyprus, an EU member since 2004 (Turkey does not recognise the Greek-Cypriot republic and insists that Turkish north Cyprus is being unfairly blockaded).
Still, the nature of the deployment gives some clues as to what British soldiers might actually do on the ground. 16 Air Assault Brigade will provide the sort of troops who might descend on northern Iraq from Turkey, assuming that the current diplomatic whirl yields Turkish co-operation.
Ambulances routinely rush war-wounded across the border from Syria to Turkey for treatment in Turkish hospitals.
Similarly, after the Gulf War, Turkey aided 500, 000 Kurds when they massed along the Turkish-Iraqi border to escape reprisals from the Iraqi leadership.
The Turkish president, however, downplayed the significance of the documents, though they revealed a difficult U.S.-Turkish relationship centered on Washington's anxieties that Turkey is marching down an Islamist path.
At the same time, America has been struggling without success to repair the breach between Israel and Turkey that followed Israel's killing of eight Turks and a Turkish-American on board the Mavi Marmara when it tried to break the Israeli naval blockade of the Gaza Strip in May last year.
And, according to one Turkish-Cypriot survey, only 8% want integration with Turkey, against 32% who favour a loose confederation with the Greek-Cypriots, 23% who want full independence and 5% who dream of the old, undivided island.
The court heard Nadir, a British citizen of Turkish-Cypriot background, was a well-respected businessman in Turkey and a major employer in Turkey and northern Cyprus.
Mr Denktash, whose Turkish-Cypriot republic in the north remains recognised by no country except Turkey itself, sounds yet more stubborn.
The trial also comes as Turkey's legal system faces mounting international scrutiny for several broad-based investigations launched by Turkish prosecutors into alleged terror networks that have led to the arrest of thousands.
Half-an-hour's drive from the the Turkish-Syrian border, it is the fastest-growing economic region in Turkey.
Turkey's relations with EU member-state Cyprus are one obstacle, along with opposition to Turkish membership within other EU states, correspondents say.
Turkey is hosting about 100, 000 Syrian refugees, and cross-border shelling that killed five Turkish civilians has led to a heightened confrontation between the two neighbors.
The U.S. has been trying to persuade Turkey to keep its soldiers out of the Kurdish-controlled area, for fear of clashes between Turkish and Kurdish troops.
Some exporters worry Turkish goods could also be affected -- for now perhaps a third of Turkey's exports to the Kurdish north are sold on to the rest of Iraq and many Turkish companies have their eyes on the Iraqi market as a whole.
But Israel's attack on the Gaza-bound flotilla, claiming, it seems, nine Turkish lives, has squarely thrust Turkey into the Middle Eastern quagmire.
Eighteen chapters have been frozen - eight by the EU, because of Turkey's refusal to allow Cypriot ships to use Turkish ports, and the remaining 10 by the governments of Cyprus and France.
The group maintained a four-year ceasefire and some members said they were prepared to join the Turkish political process if Turkey would agree not to prosecute them.
Turkey's incidence of births by caesarean section -- more than 45% in 2011, according to the Turkish Health Ministry -- is much higher than the World Health Organization's recommended rate.
Last year's winner was Turkish director Nuri Bilge Ceylan - whose film Once Upon a Time in Anatolia was selected as Turkey's official submission for the best foreign language film Oscar.
BBC: Jane Campion to be presented with Cannes director honour
And actually today, Turkish Prime Minister also stated that that would be disgraceful for Turkey to vote for the sanctions because what -- run-up to the U.N.
He pointed out that at a recent academic conference at one of Turkey's most progressive universities in Istanbul, he witnessed audience members give a five-minute standing ovation to a Turkish speaker who "slammed America" in front of a panel of visiting U.S. officials.
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