Some two-thirds of American pension funds with investment charters limit themselves to buying bonds rated by the industry's triopoly.

ECONOMIST: Credit-rating agencies

Qualcomm disrupted this cozy triopoly and sought to lock up all CDMA patent fees for itself--bad sportsmanship, in the view of the rest of the industry.

FORBES: Magazine Article

He saved the British newspaper industry from being destroyed by thuggish print unions, endured years of losses to make satellite television a success, cracked the American television triopoly with the creation of Fox and gave the world Homer Simpson.

ECONOMIST: Schumpeter